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11118 Modra, provisional designation 1996 PK, is a Flora asteroid of uncertain composition from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 5 kilometers in diameter.

11118 Modra
Discovery[1]
Discovered byA. Galád
D. Kalmančok
Discovery siteModra Obs.
Discovery date9 August 1996
Designations
MPC designation
(11118) Modra
Named after
Modra
(town and observatory)[2]
Alternative designations
1996 PK · 1991 FL1
Minor planet category
main-belt · Flora[3]
Orbital characteristics[1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc25.44 yr (9,291 days)
Aphelion2.5052 AU
Perihelion2.1225 AU
Semi-major axis
2.3139 AU
Eccentricity0.0827
Orbital period (sidereal)
3.52 yr (1,286 days)
Mean anomaly
139.39°
Mean motion
0° 16m 48s / day
Inclination3.0326°
Longitude of ascending node
7.4717°
Argument of perihelion
204.63°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions3.74 km (calculated)[3]
8.69±3.13 km[4]
Synodic rotation period
27.12±0.02 h[5]
27.1481±0.0409 h[6]
Geometric albedo
0.054±0.105[4]
0.24 (assumed)[3]
Spectral type
S[3] · C[7]
Absolute magnitude (H)
14.3[1][3] · 14.211±0.005 (R)[6] · 14.17±0.36[7] · 14.10[4]

    It was discovered on 9 August 1996, by Slovak astronomers Adrián Galád and Dušan Kalmančok at the Modra Observatory in Slovakia, and named for the town Modra where the discovering observatory is located.[2][8]


    Classification and orbit


    Modra is a member of the Flora family, one of the largest families of stony asteroids. It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 2.1–2.5 AU once every 3 years and 6 months (1,286 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.08 and an inclination of 3° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] A first precovery was taken at ESO's La Silla Observatory in 1991, extending the asteroid's observation arc by 5 years prior to its discovery.[8]


    Rotation period


    In September 2010, a photometric lightcurve analysis of Modra by American astronomer Brian Warner at his Palmer Divide Observatory, Colorado, rendered an unambiguous period of 27.12±0.02 hours with a brightness variation of 0.53 in magnitude (U=3).[5] A second lightcurve obtained during the wide-field survey at the U.S. Palomar Transient Factory in August 2010, and gave a period of 27.1481±0.0409 hours with an amplitude of 0.42 (U=2).[6]


    Diameter and albedo


    According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer and its subsequent NEOWISE mission, the asteroid has a low albedo of 0.05.[4] In agreement, the large-scale survey by Pan-STARRS (PS1) rates it as a dark carbonaceous body.[7] However, the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL) assumes a much higher albedo of 0.24 – derived from 8 Flora, the orbital family's largest member and namesake – and groups it to the S-type asteroid.[3] The different albedos of the two spectral classes also translate into divergent estimates for the body's diameter. While CALL calculates 3.7 kilometers, NASA's space-based survey inferred a much larger diameter of 8.7 kilometers.[3][4]


    Naming


    This minor planet was named after both the small historical town of Modra, located in the Bratislava Region of Slovakia, and the Modra Observatory of the Institute of Astronomy at Comenius University, where this asteroid had been discovered.[2] The approved naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 28 September 1999 (M.P.C. 36130).[9]


    References


    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 11118 Modra (1996 PK)" (2016-08-23 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 5 July 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(11118) Modra". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (11118) Modra. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 753. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_8231. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "LCDB Data for (11118) Modra". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 17 May 2016.
    4. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 17 May 2016.
    5. Warner, Brian D. (April 2011). "Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at the Palmer Divide Observatory: 2010 September-December". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 38 (2): 82–86. Bibcode:2011MPBu...38...82W. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 17 May 2016.
    6. Waszczak, Adam; Chang, Chan-Kao; Ofek, Eran O.; Laher, Russ; Masci, Frank; Levitan, David; et al. (September 2015). "Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (3): 35. arXiv:1504.04041. Bibcode:2015AJ....150...75W. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75. Retrieved 17 May 2016.
    7. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 17 May 2016.
    8. "11118 Modra (1996 PK)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 25 January 2016.
    9. "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 17 May 2016.




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