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2015 KG163, also known as o5m52, is a trans-Neptunian object from the outermost region of the Solar System, approximately 102 kilometers (63 miles) in diameter. It was first observed on 24 May 2015, by astronomers of the Outer Solar System Origins Survey using the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope at Mauna Kea Observatories, Hawaii, United States.[6] With an observation arc of 2 years, it is known that it will come to perihelion around August 2022[4][lower-alpha 1] at a velocity of 6.5 km/s with respect to the Sun.

2015 KG163
The orbit of 2015 KG163 (right side, in orange) and other extreme detached objects, along with the hypothetical Planet Nine's orbit on the right
Discovery[1]
Discovered byOSSOS
Discovery siteMauna Kea Obs.
(first observed only)
Discovery date24 May 2015
Designations
MPC designation
2015 KG163
Alternative designations
o5m52[2]
Minor planet category
TNO[1] · E-SDO
sednoid[3] · detached
Orbital characteristics[1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 3
Observation arc2.02 yr (739 days)
Earliest precovery date17 May 2015
Aphelion1319.17 AU
1320 AU (barycentric)
Perihelion40.493 AU
Semi-major axis
679.83 AU
Eccentricity0.9404
Orbital period (sidereal)
17714 yr (6,470,077 d)
17700 yr (barycentric)
Mean anomaly
359.93°
Mean motion
0° 0m 0s / day
Inclination13.994°
Longitude of ascending node
219.10°
Time of perihelion
≈ 12 August 2022[4]
±2 months[lower-alpha 1]
Argument of perihelion
32.097°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions101 km (Johnston)[3]
104 km (Brown)[5]
Geometric albedo
0.08 (estimate)[5]
Absolute magnitude (H)
8.265[1]

    It is one a small number of detached objects with perihelion distances of 30 AU or more, and semi-major axes of 250 AU or more.[7] Such objects can not reach such orbits without some perturbing object, which lead to the speculation of Planet Nine. Its argument of perihelion is similar to that of 2013 FT28.

    Closeup of current position near perihelion, passing downward from the upper left of this view
    Closeup of current position near perihelion, passing downward from the upper left of this view

    Notes


    1. Uncertainty in the perihelion date is 18 days (1-sigma) or 54 days (3-sigma).

    References


    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (2015 KG163)" (2017-05-25 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 4 August 2022.
    2. Shankman, Cory; et al. (2017). "OSSOS. VI. Striking Biases in the Detection of Large Semimajor Axis Trans-Neptunian Objects". The Astronomical Journal. 154 (2): 50. arXiv:1706.05348. Bibcode:2017AJ....154...50S. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa7aed. hdl:10150/625487. S2CID 3535702.
    3. "List of known trans-Neptunian objects". Johnstonsarchive.net. 5 September 2016. Retrieved 1 November 2017.
    4. JPL Horizons Observer Location: @sun (perihelion occurs when deldot changes from negative to positive)
    5. Michael E. Brown. "How many dwarf planets are there in the outer solar system? (updates daily)". California Institute of Technology. Retrieved 1 November 2017.
    6. "2015 KG163". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 1 November 2017.
    7. "MPC-query: a>250 and q<30". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 1 November 2017.



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