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Diana (minor planet designation: 78 Diana) is a large and dark main-belt asteroid. It was discovered by German astronomer Robert Luther on March 15, 1863,[6] and named after Diana, Roman goddess of the hunt. The asteroid is orbiting the Sun at a distance of 2.620 AU with a period of 4.24 years and an eccentricity (ovalness) of 0.207. The orbital plane is tilted at an angle of 8.688° relative to the plane of the ecliptic.[2] Its composition is carbonaceous and primitive.

78 Diana
Discovery
Discovered byKarl Theodor Robert Luther
Discovery dateMarch 15, 1863
Designations
MPC designation
(78) Diana
Pronunciation/daɪˈænə, ˈeɪnə/[1]
Named after
Diāna (Roman mythology)
Minor planet category
Main belt
AdjectivesDianian /daɪˈeɪniən/
Orbital characteristics[2]
Epoch December 31, 2006 (JD 2454100.5)
Aphelion473.182 Gm (3.163 AU)
Perihelion310.686 Gm (2.077 AU)
Semi-major axis
391.934 Gm (2.620 AU)
Eccentricity0.207
Orbital period (sidereal)
1,548.922 d (4.24 yr)
Average orbital speed
18.20 km/s
Mean anomaly
353.808°
Inclination8.688°
Longitude of ascending node
333.582°
Argument of perihelion
151.423°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions123.63±4.57 km[3]
Mass(1.27±0.13)×1018 km[3]
Mean density
1.28±0.19[3] g/cm3
Synodic rotation period
7.2991[4] h
Geometric albedo
0.071 [5]
Spectral type
C
Absolute magnitude (H)
8.09

    Photometric observations of this asteroid during 1986 and 2006–08 gave a light curve with a rotation period of 7.2991 hours and a brightness variation in the range 0.02–0.104 magnitude.[4] Based upon radar data, the near surface solid density of the asteroid is 2.7+0.8
    −0.5     g cm−3.[7] 78 Diana occulted a star on September 4, 1980. A diameter of 116 km was measured, closely matching the value given by the IRAS satellite.

    Diana is expected to pass about 0.003 AU (450,000 km; 280,000 mi) from (29075) 1950 DA on August 5, 2150.[8] Main-belt asteroid 4217 Engelhardt (~9 km in diameter) will pass about 0.0017 AU (250,000 km; 160,000 mi) from (29075) 1950 DA in 2736.[8]


    References


    1. "Diana". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
    2. Yeomans, Donald K., "78 Diana", JPL Small-Body Database Browser, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, retrieved 30 March 2013.
    3. Carry, B. (December 2012), "Density of asteroids", Planetary and Space Science, vol. 73, pp. 98–118, arXiv:1203.4336, Bibcode:2012P&SS...73...98C, doi:10.1016/j.pss.2012.03.009. See Table 1.
    4. Radeva, V.; et al. (2011), "Rotation periods of the asteroids 55 Pandora, 78 Diana and 815 Coppelia", Bulgarian Astronomical Journal, vol. 17, pp. 133–141, Bibcode:2012MPBu...39...57P.
    5. "Asteroid Data Sets". Archived from the original on 17 December 2009. Retrieved 13 January 2007.
    6. "Numbered Minor Planets 1–5000", Discovery Circumstances, IAU Minor Planet center, retrieved 7 April 2013.
    7. Magri, C.; et al. (December 2001), "Radar constraints on asteroid regolith compositions using 433 Eros as ground truth", Meteoritics & Planetary Science, vol. 36, no. 12, pp. 1697–1709, Bibcode:2001M&PS...36.1697M, doi:10.1111/j.1945-5100.2001.tb01857.x.
    8. Giorgini, J. D.; Ostro, S. J.; Benner, L. A. M.; Chodas, P.W.; Chesley, S.R.; Hudson, R. S.; et al. (2002). "Asteroid 1950 DA's Encounter With Earth in 2880: Physical Limits of Collision Probability Prediction" (PDF). Science. 296 (5565): 132–136. Bibcode:2002Sci...296..132G. doi:10.1126/science.1068191. PMID 11935024. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 July 2008.



    На других языках

    [de] (78) Diana

    (78) Diana ist ein Asteroid des Asteroiden-Hauptgürtels, der am 15. März 1863 von Karl Theodor Robert Luther entdeckt wurde.[1] Sie war Luthers neunte Entdeckung im Asteroidengürtel.
    - [en] 78 Diana

    [es] (78) Diana

    (78) Diana es un asteroide perteneciente al cinturón de asteroides descubierto el 15 de marzo de 1863 por Karl Theodor Robert Luther desde el observatorio de Düsseldorf-Bilk, Alemania. Está nombrado por Diana, una diosa de la mitología romana.[2]

    [fr] (78) Diane

    (78) Diane (désignation internationale (78) Diana) est un astéroïde de la ceinture principale découvert par Robert Luther le 15 mars 1863.

    [ru] (78) Диана

    (78) Диана (лат. Diana) — астероид главного пояса, принадлежащий к тёмному спектральному классу C. Он был открыт 15 марта 1863 года немецким астрономом Робертом Лютером в Дюссельдорфской обсерватории и назван в честь древнеримской богини охоты Дианы. Название было предложено дядей учёного В. Лютером (нем. W. Luther)[2].


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