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UGC 12591 is the third most massive known spiral galaxy, after ISOHDFS 27 and J2345-0449.[citation needed] It is located about 400 million light-years away from the Earth in the constellation Pegasus. In addition, it is the spiral galaxy with the highest known rotational speed[3] of about 500 km/s, almost twice that of our galaxy, the Milky Way. The high rotational speed means the galaxy must be very massive at the center; the galaxy has a mass estimated at 4 times that of the Milky Way,[4] making it the third of the most massive spiral galaxies known to date.

UGC 12591
UGC 12591, taken by the Hubble Space Telescope
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
ConstellationPegasus
Right ascension23h 25m 21.7s[1]
Declination±00° 00 00[1]
Redshift0.023179[2]
Helio radial velocity6949 ± 10[2]
Distance394.26 ± 133.84 Mly (120.880 ± 41.036 Mpc)[2]
Apparent magnitude (B)13.90[2]
Characteristics
TypeS0/a[2]
Mass1.9×1012[3] M
Apparent size (V)1.7 × 0.7[2]
Other designations
MCG +05-55-015, PGC 71392

UGC 12591 is relatively isolated; the nearest galaxy to it is 3.55 million light-years (1.09 Mpc) away. However, its morphology suggests a merger or accretion event in its past: it is somewhat lenticular-like, with a central bulge and dust lanes reminiscent of the Sombrero Galaxy.[5]


References


  1. Myers, S. T.; Jackson, N. J.; Browne, I. W. A.; De Bruyn, A. G.; Pearson, T. J.; Readhead, A. C. S.; Wilkinson, P. N.; Biggs, A. D.; Blandford, R. D.; Fassnacht, C. D.; Koopmans, L. V. E.; Marlow, D. R.; McKean, J. P.; Norbury, M. A.; Phillips, P. M.; Rusin, D.; Shepherd, M. C.; Sykes, C. M. (2003). "The Cosmic Lens All-Sky Survey - I. Source selection and observations". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 341 (1): 1–12. arXiv:astro-ph/0211073. Bibcode:2003MNRAS.341....1M. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06256.x. S2CID 18706420.
  2. "NED results for object UGC 12591". National Aeronautics and Space Administration / Infrared Processing and Analysis Center. Retrieved 16 April 2017.
  3. Giovanelli, R.; Haynes, M. P.; Rubin, V. C.; Ford, W. K., Jr. (1 February 1986). "UGC 12591 - The most rapidly rotating disk galaxy". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 301: L7–L11. Bibcode:1986ApJ...301L...7G. doi:10.1086/184613. ISSN 0004-637X.
  4. "A remarkable galactic hybrid". ESA/Hubble. Retrieved 16 April 2017.
  5. Ray, Shankar; Bagchi, Joydeep; Dhiwar, Suraj; Pandge, M. B.; Mirakhor, Mohammad; Walker, Stephen A.; Mukherjee, Dipanjan (2022). "Hubble Space Telescope Captures UGC 12591: Bulge/Disc properties, star formation and 'missing baryons' census in a very massive and fast-spinning hybrid galaxy". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 517: 99–117. arXiv:2203.02885. Bibcode:2022MNRAS.517...99R. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac2683.




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UGC 12591 — спиральная галактика в созвездии Пегаса. Находится на расстоянии около 400 млн св. лет от Солнца.



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