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The International Liquid Mirror Telescope (ILMT) is a 4-metre (160 in) liquid-mirror telescope located at the Devasthal Observatory in Uttarakhand, India.


History


The International Liquid Mirror Telescope succeeds the NASA-LMT and the Large Zenith Telescope. It was conceived in the late 1990s,[1][2] led[3] by Jean Surdej[4] of the University of Liège, Belgium (a collaboration between astronomical institutions in Belgium, Canada, India and Poland).[5] First light was hoped for by 2009.[6] In 2012, the mercury vessel was delivered, but construction was delayed, and then they didn’t have (50 litres = 700kgs)[7] enough mercury.[8] On 22 April 2013, dome construction was reported.[9] It is near 3.6m Devasthal Optical Telescope, Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences.[10][8][11] First light was reported in June 2022,[12][13][14] the commissioning phase started, and scientific observations may occur in October 2022.[15][16][17][18]

"The ILMT collaboration includes researchers at the Aryabhatta Research Institute of observational sciencES (ARIES, an autonomous institute under the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Govt. of India) and the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) in India, the University of Liège and the Royal Observatory of Belgium in Belgium, Poznan Observatory in Poland, the Ulugh Beg Astronomical Institute of the Uzbek Academy of Sciences and National University of Uzbekistan, the University of British Columbia, Laval University, the University of Montreal, the University of Toronto, York University and the University of Victoria in Canada. The telescope was designed and built by the AMOS[19] corporation and the Centre Spatial de Liège in Belgium."[20]

The ultimate goal, is to take a Liquid Mirror Telescope off-Earth.[21][22][23]


References


  1. Poels, J.; Borra, E.; Claeskens, J. F.; Jean, C.; Manfroid, J.; Montfort, F.; Moreau, O.; Nakos, Th.; Surdej, J.; Swings, J. P.; Dessel, van, E.; Vangeyte, B. "The 4-m International Liquid Mirror Telescope Project (ILMT)". Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems. 10. Retrieved 18 June 2022. Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems X; Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, Vol. 238, 2001 Editors: F. R. Harnden, Jr., F. A. Primini, and H. E. Payne
  2. Surdej, J.; Absil, O.; Bartczak, P.; Borra, E.; Chisogne, J.-P.; Claeskens, J.-F.; Collin, B.; De Becker, M.; Defrère, D.; Denis, S.; Flebus, C.; Garcet, O.; Gloesener, P.; Jean, C.; Lampens, P.; Libbrecht, C.; Magette, A.; Manfroid, J.; Mawet, D.; Nakos, Th.; Ninane, N.; Poels, J.; Pospieszalska, A.; Riaud, P.; Sprimont, P.-G.; Swings, J.-P. (14 June 2006). "The 4m international liquid mirror telescope (ILMT)". Proceedings of SPIE. Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers: 626704. doi:10.1117/12.671695. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
  3. "Liquid-Mirror Telescopes". American Scientist. 6 February 2017. Archived from the original on 18 June 2022. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
  4. "Jean M.G. Surdej". International Astronomical Union. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
  5. Poels, J.; Borra, E.; Hickson, P.; Sagar, R.; Bartczak, P.; Delchambre, L.; Finet, F.; Habraken, S.; Swings, J.; Surdej, J. (2011). "The International Liquid Mirror Telescope (ILMT) as a Variability Time Machine". Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union. via Semantic Scholar. doi:10.1017/S1743921312001184. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
  6. "Telescope Mirrors from Antifreeze?". Sky & Telescope. 7 November 2008. Retrieved 18 June 2022. In fact, an international team is building a giant mercury-mirror telescope on a mountaintop in India, with the hope of getting "first light" sometime next year.
  7. "Explained: As India gets world's first liquid-mirror telescope for astronomy, what is it and how will it be used?". The Indian Express. 4 June 2022. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  8. Clery, Daniel (June 13, 2022). "Liquid mirror telescope opens in India". Science. AAAS. doi:10.1126/science.add4293. Archived from the original on 10 June 2022. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  9. "International Liquid Mirror Telescope > News". Extragalactic Astrophysics and Space Observations. University of Liège. Archived from the original on 22 October 2019. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
  10. "A Unique Liquid-Mirror Telescope sees First Light in the Indian Himalayas". Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences. June 17, 2022. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
  11. "Home". 4m International Liquid Mirror Telescope. Retrieved 17 June 2022. first-light june-3rd-2022
  12. Desikan, Shubashree (2 June 2022). "Liquid mirror telescope in Devasthal sees first light". The Hindu. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
  13. "Unique Liquid-Mirror Telescope to Observe Astronomical Objects Commissioned". India Science, Technology & Innovation. India. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
  14. "Indian, UBC astronomers celebrate first light at liquid-mirror telescope". UBC Faculty of Science. University of British Columbia. 8 June 2022. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
  15. "World's first liquid-mirror telescope for astronomy comes to India". The Indian Express. 3 June 2022. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
  16. Kumar, Brajesh; Pandey, Kanhaiya L; Pandey, S B; Hickson, P; Borra, E F; Anupama, G C; Surdej, J (11 May 2018). "The zenithal 4-m International Liquid Mirror Telescope: a unique facility for supernova studies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 476 (2): 2075–2085. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty298. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
  17. Kumar, Brajesh; Pandey, Shashi Bhushan; Pandey, Kanhaiya Lal; Anapuma, Gadiyara Chakrapani; Surdej, Jean (April 2018). "Supernovae study: Context of the 4-m International Liquid Mirror Telescope" (PDF). Bulletin de la Société Royale des Sciences de Liège. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
  18. "India's First Liquid Mirror Telescope". Drishti IAS. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
  19. "Astronomy, space, and industry". AMOS. Liège Science Park, Belgium. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
  20. "ULiège at the origin of a unique liquid mirror telescope in the Indian Himalayas". RESEARCH & INNOVATION NEWS. University of Liège. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
  21. Dorminey, Bruce. "Liquid Mirror Telescope Technology Finally Going Mainstream". Forbes. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
  22. "Liquid Mirror Telescopes on the Moon". Science Mission Directorate. NASA. October 9, 2008. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
  23. Shiga, David (2 June 2008). "Liquid-mirror telescopes are a reality at last". New Scientist. Retrieved 18 June 2022.


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