astro.wikisort.org - Researcher

Prof Heinrich Christian Schumacher FRS(For) FRSE (3 September 1780 – 28 December 1850) was a German-Danish astronomer and mathematician.

Biography

Schumacher was born at Bramstedt, in Holstein, near the German/Danish border. He was educated at Altona Gymnasium on the outskirts of Hamburg. He studied in Germany at Kiel, Jena, and Göttingen Universities as well as Copenhagen. He received a doctorate from Dorpat University in Russian Empire in 1807.[1]

From 1808, he was adjunct professor of astronomy in Copenhagen. He directed the Mannheim observatory from 1813 to 1815, and then in 1815 was appointed Professor of Astronomy in Copenhagen and Director of the Observatory.

From 1817 he directed the triangulation of Holstein, to which a few years later was added a complete geodetic survey of Denmark (finished after his death). For the sake of the survey, Schumacher established the Altona Observatory at Altona, and resided there permanently.

He was elected a Foreign Fellow of the Royal Society of London in 1821, and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1822.[2]

Schumacher was chiefly occupied with the publication of Ephemerides (11 parts, 1822–1832) and of the journal Astronomische Nachrichten (founded by himself in 1821 and still being published), of which he edited thirty-one volumes. In 1827 he was elected member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, and in 1829 he won the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society. Schumacher was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1823[3] and a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1834.[4] His portrait now hangs in the Development Office of the Royal Society.

He died in Altona on 28 December 1850. He was buried in the Heilig Geist Kirchhof (Holy Ghost Church) in Altona. The site is now marked by a stone memorial.

Family

In 1812 he married Christine Madelaine Schoon.

Their son, Richard Schumacher (1827–1902), was his assistant from 1844 to 1850 at the conservatory at Altona. Having become assistant to Carlos Guillermo Moesta (1825–1884), director of the observatory at Santiago de Chile, in 1859, he was associated with the Chilean geodesic survey in 1864. Returning in 1869, he was appointed assistant astronomer at Altona in 1873, and afterwards at Kiel.

Schumacher's nephew, Christian Andreas Schumacher (1810–1854), was associated with the geodetic survey of Denmark from 1833 to 1838, and afterwards (1844–1845) improved the observatory at Pulkowa.

Recognition

In 1935 the moon crater Schumacher was named in his honour.

Notes

This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (January 2014)

References

•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Schumacher, Heinrich Christian". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 383.
• This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Gilman, D. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). "Schumacher, Heinrich Christian" . New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.

На других языках

---

[de] Heinrich Christian Schumacher

Heinrich Christian Schumacher (* 3. September 1780 in Bramstedt; † 28. Dezember 1850 in Altona/Elbe) war ein deutscher Astronom und Geodät. Er gründete die Sternwarte Altona und die erste himmelskundliche Fachzeitschrift Astronomische Nachrichten.

---

- [en] Heinrich Christian Schumacher

---

[es] Heinrich Christian Schumacher

Heinrich Christian Schumacher (Bramstedt, Holstein, 3 de septiembre de 1780 - 28 de diciembre de 1850) fue un astrónomo alemán, fundador de la revista Astronomische Nachrichten (publicación histórica que sigue siendo una de las más prestigiosas en el campo de la astronomía).

---

[fr] Heinrich Christian Schumacher

Heinrich Christian Schumacher (3 septembre 1780, Bramstedt - 28 décembre 1850, Altona) est un astronome, géodésien et éditeur allemand.

---

[it] Heinrich Christian Schumacher

Heinrich Christian Schumacher (Bramstedt, 3 settembre 1780 – Altona, 28 dicembre 1850) è stato un astronomo tedesco.

---

[ru] Шумахер, Генрих Христиан

Генрих Христиан Шумахер (нем. Heinrich Christian Schumacher; 1780—1850) — немецкий и датский астроном и геодезист.

---

---