astro.wikisort.org - Researcher

Irwin Ira Shapiro (born October 10, 1929 in New York City) is an American astrophysicist and Timken University Professor at Harvard University. He has been a professor at Harvard since 1982.[2] He was the director of the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian from 1982 to 2004.[3][4]

Irwin I. Shapiro
Born	Irwin Ira Shapiro[1] (1929-10-10) October 10, 1929 (age 92) New York City, New York, U.S.
Nationality	American
Alma mater	Cornell University Harvard University
Known for	Shapiro time delay
Relatives	Zev Shapiro (Grandson)
Awards	Albert A. Michelson Medal (1975) Dannie Heineman Prize (1983) Brouwer Award (1987) Charles A. Whitten Medal (1991) William Bowie Medal (1993) Albert Einstein Medal (1994) Gerard P. Kuiper Prize (1997) Einstein Prize (2013)
Scientific career
Fields	Astrophysics
Thesis	Methods of Approximation for High Energy Nuclear Scattering (1955)
Notable students	Steven J. Ostro Alyssa A. Goodman

Career

A native of New York, Shapiro graduated from Brooklyn Technical High School in New York City. He later received his B.A. in Mathematics from Cornell University, and later a M.A. and Ph.D in Physics from Harvard University. He joined the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Lincoln Laboratory in 1954 and became a professor of physics there in 1967. In 1982, he took a position as professor and Guggenheim Fellow[5] at his alma mater, Harvard, and also became director of the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian. In 1997, he became the first Timken University Professor at the university.[2]

Shapiro's research interests include astrophysics, astrometry, geophysics, gravitation, including the use of gravitational lenses to assess the age of the universe.[6] In 1981, Edward Bowell discovered the 3832 main belt asteroid and it was later named after Shapiro by his former student Steven J. Ostro.[7]

Personal life

One of Shapiro's grandchildren is entrepreneur and activist Zev Shapiro (the son of his daughter Nancy) who is the founder of TurnUp.[8]

Recognition

Honors and awards

• Albert A. Michelson Medal from the Franklin Institute (1975)[9]
• Dannie Heineman Prize for Astrophysics from the American Astronomical Society (1983)
• Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement (1984)[10]
• Brouwer Award from the American Astronomical Society's Division on Dynamical Astronomy (1988)
• Charles A. Whitten Medal from the American Geophysical Union (1991)
• William Bowie Medal from the American Geophysical Union (1993)
• Albert Einstein Medal from the Albert Einstein Society (1994)
• Gerard P. Kuiper Prize from the American Astronomical Society's Division for Planetary Sciences (1997)
• Einstein Prize from the American Physical Society (2013)[11]
• Elected Member of the American Philosophical Society in 1998.[12]
• Elected a Legacy Fellow of the American Astronomical Society in 2020.[13]

Eponyms

• Shapiro time delay, discovered by Shapiro in 1964
• 3832 Shapiro, asteroid named after Shapiro in 1981

References

External links

• Harvard profile
• Oral history interview transcript with Irwin I. Shapiro on 23 April 2020, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library & Archives
• Shapiro papers from 1965-1990 from the Smithsonian Institution Archives

На других языках

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- [en] Irwin I. Shapiro

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[ru] Шапиро, Ирвин

И́рвин Шапи́ро (англ. Irwin Ira Shapiro, род. 10 октября 1929, Нью-Йорк) — американский физик, работающий в области радио- и радарной техники в приложении к астрометрии, астрофизике и проверке теорий гравитации. Именной университетский профессор Гарварда Timken University Professor (с 1997) и именной эмерит-профессор MIT Schlumberger Professor Emeritus (с 1985). В 1982—2004 гг. директор Гарвард-Смитсоновского центра астрофизики. Член НАН США (1974) и Американского философского общества (1998). В его честь назван Эффект Шапиро, который он предложил и с коллегами проверил.

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