astro.wikisort.org - Star

Search / Calendar

This is a list of stars which are the least voluminous known (the smallest stars by volume).


List



Notable small stars


This is a list of small stars that are notable for characteristics that are not separately listed.

Star nameStar mean radius, kilometresStar classNotesReferences
CXOU J085201.4-461753 1.2 Neutron star [1]
PSR B0943+10 2.6 Pulsar (quark star?) Neutron stars are stellar remnants produced when a star of around 8–9 solar masses or more explodes in a supernova at the end of its life. They are usually produced by stars of less than 20 solar masses, although a more massive star may produce a neutron star in certain cases. PSR B0943+10 is one of the least massive stars, with 0.02 solar masses. [2]
CXO J232327.9+584842 2.7 Neutron star [1]
PSR B1257+12 10 Pulsar Orbited by three planets. [3]
PSR B0531+21 (Crab pulsar) 10 Relatively young at 997 years old as of October 2021. [4]
Geminga 10 [5]
Vela pulsar 10 [6]
XTE J1739-285 10.9 Pulsar (quark star?) [7]
PSR J0348+0432 A 13 ± 2 Pulsar Orbited by a white dwarf star (see below) [8]
PSR J1748-2446ad <16 Fastest-spinning pulsar known. [9]
XTE J1650-500 B24Black holeThis binary X-ray transient system, XTE J1650-500, component black hole, at 3.8 solar masses, is smaller than the previous recordholder GRO J1655-40 B of 6.3 MSun in the microquasar system GRO J1655-40.[10]
HD 49798 1,600 White dwarf One of the smallest white dwarf stars known. [11]
ZTF J1901+1458 1,809 [12]
GRW +70 82473,300[13]
Sirius B5,466Historically first detected white dwarf star[14]
LB 1497 5,494.5 [15]
40 Eridani B 5,547.5
ZZ Ceti 5,890[citation needed]
GD 165 5,998[citation needed]
G 29-38 6,000[citation needed]
Procyon B6,700[16][17]
ESO 439-26 8,775.5 Faintest known white dwarf.[18]
QS Virginis A 7,658
Van Maanen 29,048[19]
WD 1145+017 13,926.84 Host star of one of the smallest exoplanets. [20]
PSR J0348+0432 B 45,268 A white dwarf that orbits its pulsar companion (see above) [8]
EBLM J0555-57Ab60,000Red dwarfThis red dwarf has a size comparable to that of the planet Saturn. As of 2019, it is the second lightest hydrogen-fusing star known, marginally heavier (0.0777-0.0852M☉) than the 2MASS J0523-1403. Although its mass is comparable to that of TRAPPIST-1A, its radius is 1/3 smaller.[21][22][23]
SSSPM J0829-130961,300An L2 dwarf that is fusing hydrogen. Similarly to 2MASS J0523-1403, SSSPM J0829-1309 is one of the least luminous and massive hydrogen-fusing stars, and is smaller than Jupiter.[24][25]
2MASS J0523-140370,600As in 2019, with mass 67.54±12.79MJ (0.0523-0.0767M☉) is the lowest known mass hydrogen-burning star.[26][24][27]
OGLE-TR-122B81,100This was once the smallest known actively fusing star, when found in 2005, through 2013. It is the smallest eclipsing red dwarf, and smallest observationally measured diameter.[28][29][30]
Gliese 229 B 83,480 Brown dwarf [31]
TRAPPIST-184,180 Red dwarfHosts a planetary system with at least seven rocky planets.[32]
Teegarden's Star 88,354 Two potentially habitable planets [33]
Luyten 726-8 (A and B) 97,000 [34]
Proxima Centauri101,000This is the nearest neighbouring star to the Sun.[35]
UY Sextantis104,500White subdwarf[36]
Wolf 359111,400Red dwarf[37]
Ross 248111,400[38]
HW Virginis B 121,835
HW Virginis A 127,404.6 Subdwarf B star
Barnard's Star136,400 Red dwarfA faint star, it has 1 planet orbiting it, an ice planet called Barnard b.[39]
Kepler-70 141,329 Subdwarf B star Possibly has two planets. [40]
DX Cancri 153,564 Red dwarf [41]
LHS 292 153,564 [42]
CM Draconis B167,000[43]
Ross 154 167,000 [44]
CM Draconis A176,000[43]
Z Andromedae B 184,530.63 White dwarf Largest white dwarf [45]
Kapteyn's Star203,000Red dwarfThis is the closest halo star to the Sun.[35]
Luyten's Star 243,500 [46]
EV Lacertae 250,500 [47]
Teide 1 270,240 Brown dwarf [48]
AD Leonis 271,300 Red dwarf [49]
Lalande 21185 273,500 [35]
QS Virginis B 292,404
Lacaille 9352 320,000 [35]

Smallest stars by type


List of the smallest stars by star type
Type Star name Radius
Solar radii
(Sun = 1)		 Radius
Jupiter radii
(Jupiter = 1)		 Radius
Earth radii
(Earth = 1)		 Radius
(km / mi)		 Date Notes References
Red dwarf EBLM J0555-57Ab 0.084 0.84 9.41 60,000 km (37,000 mi) 2017 The red dwarf stars are considered the smallest stars known, and representative of the smallest star possible. [21][22][23]
Brown dwarf Gliese 229 B 0.12 1.19 13.1 83,480 km (51,870 mi) — Brown dwarfs are not massive enough to build up the pressure in the central regions to allow nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium. They are best described as extremely massive gas giants that were not able to ignite into a hydrogen-fusing star. [50]
White dwarf HD 49798 0.0023 0.023 0.25 1,600 km (990 mi) 2021 White dwarfs are stellar remnants produced when a star with around 8 solar masses or less sheds its outer layers into a planetary nebula. The leftover core becomes the white dwarf. It is thought that white dwarfs cool down over quadrillions of years to produce a black dwarf. [11]
Neutron star PSR B0943+10 0.0000037356 0.0000363677 0.000407643 2.6 km

(1.61 mi)

 1968 Neutron stars are stellar remnants produced when stars with around 9 solar masses or more explode in supernovae at the ends of their lives. They are usually produced by stars with less than 20 solar masses, although a more massive star may produce a neutron star in certain cases. PSR B0943+10 is one of the least massive stars with 0.02 solar masses.
Stellar-mass black hole XTE J1650-500 B 0.0000344828 0.000335702 0.00376285 24 km (15 mi) 2008 Black holes are stellar remnants usually produced when extremely massive stars explode in a supernova or hypernova at the end of their lives. [10]

Timeline of smallest red dwarf star recordholders


Red dwarfs are considered the smallest star known that are active fusion stars, and are the smallest stars possible that is not a brown dwarf.

List of smallest red dwarf titleholders
Star name Date Radius
Solar radii
(Sun = 1)		 Radius
Jupiter radii
(Jupiter = 1)		 Radius
km
(mi)		 Notes
EBLM J0555-57Ab 2017-Today 0.084 0.84 60,000 km (37,000 mi) This star has a size comparable to that of Saturn. [21][22][23]
2MASS J0523-1403 2013-2017 0.102 1.01 70,600 km (43,900 mi) Lowest mass main sequence star as in 2020. [26][24][51][27]
OGLE-TR-122B 2005-2013 0.117 1.16 81,100 km (50,400 mi) [28][29][30]

References


  1. Potekhin, A. Y.; De Luca, A.; Pons, J. A. (October 2015). "Neutron stars - thermal emitters". Space Science Reviews. 191 (1–4): 171–206. arXiv:1409.7666. doi:10.1007/s11214-014-0102-2. ISSN 0038-6308. S2CID 53365097.
  2. Yue, Y. L.; Cui, X. H.; Xu, R. X. (2006-10-01). "Is PSR B0943+10 a low-mass quark star?". The Astrophysical Journal. 649 (2): L95–L98. arXiv:astro-ph/0603468. Bibcode:2006ApJ...649L..95Y. doi:10.1086/508421. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 18183996.
  3. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-02-12. Retrieved 2017-10-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. "psr b0531 21 radius - Google Search". www.google.com. Retrieved 2018-09-04.
  5. "Geminga | pulsar". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2018-09-05.
  6. "1996rftu.proc..173P Page 173". adsbit.harvard.edu. Retrieved 2018-09-05.
  7. Zhang, C. M.; Yin, H. X.; Zhao, Y. H.; Wei, Y. C.; Li, X. D. (October 2007). "Does Sub-millisecond Pulsar XTE J1739-285 Contain a Low Magnetic Neutron Star or Quark Star ?". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 119 (860): 1108–1113. arXiv:0708.3566. Bibcode:2007PASP..119.1108Z. doi:10.1086/522796. ISSN 0004-6280. S2CID 15651718.
  8. Antoniadis, J.; Freire, P. C. C.; Wex, N.; Tauris, T. M.; Lynch, R. S.; Van Kerkwijk, M. H.; Kramer, M.; Bassa, C.; Dhillon, V. S.; Driebe, T.; Hessels, J. W. T.; Kaspi, V. M.; Kondratiev, V. I.; Langer, N.; Marsh, T. R.; McLaughlin, M. A.; Pennucci, T. T.; Ransom, S. M.; Stairs, I. H.; Van Leeuwen, J.; Verbiest, J. P. W.; Whelan, D. G. (2013). "A Massive Pulsar in a Compact Relativistic Binary". Science. 340 (6131): 1233232. arXiv:1304.6875. Bibcode:2013Sci...340..448A. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.769.4180. doi:10.1126/science.1233232. PMID 23620056. S2CID 15221098.
  9. "PSR J1748-2446ad is the fastest-spinning pulsar known, at 716 Hz, or 716 times a second. This pulsar was discovered by Jason W. T. Hessels… | Astro Sci | Pinterest". Pinterest. Retrieved 2018-09-16.
  10. Andrea Thompson (1 April 2008). "Smallest Black Hole Found". Space.com.
  11. Mereghetti, S.; Pintore, F.; Rauch, T.; La Palombara, N.; Esposito, P.; Geier, S.; Pelisoli, I.; Rigoselli, M.; Schaffenroth, V.; Tiengo, A. (April 10, 2021). "New X-ray observations of the hot subdwarf binary HD 49798/RX J0648.0–4418". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 504: 920–925. arXiv:2104.03867. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab1004.
  12. Caiazzo, Ilaria; Burdge, Kevin; Fuller, James; Heyl, Jeremy; Kulkarni, Shri; Prince, Thomas; Richer, Harvey; Schwab, Josiah; Andreoni, Igor (2020-11-09). "A moon-sized, highly magnetised and rapidly rotating white dwarf may be headed toward collapse". dx.doi.org. doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-99143/v1. S2CID 234924493. Retrieved 2020-11-29.
  13. Kuiper, G. P. (February 1936). "The White Dwarf A.C.+70°8247, the Smallest Star Known". Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada. 30: 48. Bibcode:1936JRASC..30...48K.
  14. Peter Thejll; Harry L. Shipman (1986). "Temperature, radius, and rotational velocity of Sirius B". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific (published October 1986). 98 (608): 922–926. Bibcode:1986PASP...98..922T. doi:10.1086/131845. ISSN 0004-6280. JSTOR 40678784.
  15. Wegner, Gary; Reid, I. N.; McMahan, Robert K. Jr. (July 1991). "Gravitational redshift for the Pleiad white dwarf LB 1497". The Astrophysical Journal. 376: 186. Bibcode:1991ApJ...376..186W. doi:10.1086/170266. ISSN 0004-637X.
  16. Emily M. Levesque; Philip Massey; Bertrand Plez; Knut A. G. Olsen (June 2009). "The Physical Properties of the Red Supergiant WOH G64: The Largest Star Known?". Astronomical Journal. 137 (6): 4744. arXiv:0903.2260. Bibcode:2009AJ....137.4744L. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/137/6/4744. S2CID 18074349.
  17. J. L. Provencal; H. L. Shipman; F. Wesemael; P. Bergeron; H. E. Bond; James Liebert; E. M. Sion (30 September 1996). "Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 Photometry of the Bright, Mysterious White Dwarf Procyon B". The Astrophysical Journal (published 10 May 1997). 480 (2): 777–783. Bibcode:1997ApJ...480..777P. doi:10.1086/304003.
  18. Ruiz, María Teresa; Bergeron, P.; Leggett, S. K.; Anguita, Claudio (1995-12-20). "The Extremely Low Luminosity White Dwarf ESO 439−26". The Astrophysical Journal. 455 (2): L159. Bibcode:1995ApJ...455L.159R. doi:10.1086/309845. ISSN 0004-637X.
  19. Giammichele, N.; Bergeron, P.; Dufour, P. (April 2012). "Know Your Neighborhood: A Detailed Model Atmosphere Analysis of Nearby White Dwarfs". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement. 199 (2): 29. arXiv:1202.5581. Bibcode:2012ApJS..199...29G. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/199/2/29. S2CID 118304737. Based on log L/L☉ = −3.77.
  20. Andrew Vanderburg; John Asher Johnson; Saul Rappaport; Allyson Bieryla; Jonathan Irwin; John Arban Lewis; David Kipping; Warren R. Brown; Patrick Dufour; David R. Ciardi; Ruth Angus; Laura Schaefer; David W. Latham; David Charbonneau; Charles Beichman; Jason Eastman; Nate McCrady; Robert A. Wittenmyer; Jason T. Wright (11 June 2015). "A disintegrating minor planet transiting a white dwarf" (PDF). Nature (published 22 October 2015). 526 (7574): 546–549. arXiv:1510.06387. Bibcode:2015Natur.526..546V. doi:10.1038/nature15527. PMID 26490620. S2CID 4451207.
  21. Eric Mack (11 July 2017). "Saturn-sized star is the smallest ever discovered". cnet.
  22. "Smallest-ever star discovered by astronomers". University of Cambridge. 2017.
  23. Alexander von Boetticher; et al. (12 June 2017). "The EBLM project; III. A Saturn-size low-mass star at the hydrogen-burning limit". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 604: L6. arXiv:1706.08781. Bibcode:2017A&A...604L...6V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731107. S2CID 54610182. EBLM_III.
  24. Sergio B. Dieterich; Todd J. Henry; Wei-Chun Jao; Jennifer G. Winters; Altonio D. Hosey; Adric R. Riedel; John P. Subasavage (May 2014). "The Solar Neighborhood XXXII. The Hydrogen Burning Limit". The Astronomical Journal. 147 (5): 25. arXiv:1312.1736. Bibcode:2014AJ....147...94D. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/147/5/94. S2CID 21036959. 94.
  25. "SSSPM J0829-1309: A New nearby L dwarf detected in superCOSMOS Sky Surveys". inspirehep.net. Retrieved November 21, 2021.
  26. John Bochanski (23 December 2013). "New Cutoff for Star Sizes". Sky and Telescope.
  27. Filippazzo, Joseph C.; Rice, Emily L.; Faherty, Jacqueline; Cruz, Kelle L.; Van Gordon, Mollie M.; Looper, Dagny L.; Kramer, Michael; Bassa, Cees; Dhillon, Vik S.; Driebe, Thomas; Hessels, Jason W. T.; Kaspi, Victoria M.; Kondratiev, Vladislav I.; Langer, Norbert; Marsh, Thomas R.; McLaughlin, Maura A.; Pennucci, Timothy T.; Ransom, Scott M.; Stairs, Ingrid H.; Joeri van Leeuwen; Verbiest, Joris P. W.; Whelan, David G. (2015). "Fundamental Parameters and Spectral Energy Distributions of Young and Field Age Objects with Masses Spanning the Stellar to Planetary Regime". The Astrophysical Journal. 810 (2): 158. arXiv:1508.01767. Bibcode:2015ApJ...810..158F. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/810/2/158. S2CID 89611607.
  28. Robert Roy Britt (3 March 2005). "Newfound Star Smaller than Some Planets". Space.com.
  29. Jonathan O'Callaghan; Josh Barker (National Space Centre) (22 March 2013). "What is the smallest star?". SpaceAnswers.com.
  30. Pont, F.; Melo, C. H. F.; Bouchy, F.; Udry, S.; Queloz, D.; Mayor, M.; Santos, N. C. (27 January 2005). "A planet-sized transiting star around OGLE-TR-122. Accurate mass and radius near the hydrogen-burning limit". Astronomy and Astrophysics (published April 2005). 433 (2): L21–L24. arXiv:astro-ph/0501611. Bibcode:2005A&A...433L..21P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200500025. S2CID 14799999.
  31. "gliese 229 b radius - Google Search". www.google.com. Retrieved 2018-09-13.
  32. "trappist 1 radius - Google Search". www.google.com. Retrieved 2018-09-13.
  33. "teegarden star radius - Google Search". www.google.com. Retrieved 2018-09-13.
  34. Delfosse, Xavier; et al. (December 2000), "Accurate masses of very low mass stars. IV. Improved mass-luminosity relations", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 364: 217–224, arXiv:astro-ph/0010586, Bibcode:2000A&A...364..217D
  35. Demory, Brice-Olivier; Ségransan, Damien; Forveille, Thierry; Queloz, Didier; Beuzit, Jean-Luc; Delfosse, Xavier; Di Folco, Emmanuel; Kervella, Pierre; Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste; Perrier, Christian; Benisty, Myriam; Duvert, Gilles; Hofmann, Karl-Heinz; Lopez, Bruno; Petrov, Romain (October 2009). "Mass-radius relation of low and very low-mass stars revisited with the VLTI". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 505 (1): 205–215. arXiv:0906.0602. Bibcode:2009A&A...505..205D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200911976. S2CID 14786643.
  36. O'Donoghue; Koen; Lynas-Gray; Kilkenny; Van Wyk (1998). "The EC14026 stars - VI. PG1047+003". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 296 (2): 306–316. Bibcode:1998MNRAS.296..306O. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.1998.01311.x.
  37. Doyle, J. G.; et al. (1990). "Optical and infrared photometry of dwarf M and K stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 235 (1–2): 335–339. Bibcode:1990A&A...235..335D.
  38. Johnson, H. M.; Wright, C. D. (November 1983). "Predicted infrared brightness of stars within 25 parsecs of the Sun". Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 53: 643–711, 705. Bibcode:1983ApJS...53..643J. doi:10.1086/190905.
  39. "barnard's star radius - Google Search". www.google.com. Retrieved 2018-09-04.
  40. DEDIEU, cyril. "Notes for Planet KOI-55 b". web.archive.org. Retrieved 2022-11-12.
  41. Morin, J.; Donati, J.-F.; Petit, P.; Delfosse, X.; Forveille, T.; Jardine, M. M. (2010-07-20). "Large-scale magnetic topologies of late M dwarfs★". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 407 (4): 2269–2286. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17101.x. ISSN 0035-8711.
  42. academic.oup.com. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17101.x https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17101.x. Retrieved 2022-11-06. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  43. J.C. Morales; I. Ribas; C. Jordi; G. Torres; J. Gallardo; E.F. Guinan; D. Charbonneau; M. Wolf; D.W. Latham; G. Anglada-Escudé; D.H. Bradstreet; M.E. Everett; F.T. O'Donovan; G. Mandushev; R.D. Mathieu (2009) [8 October 2008]. "Absolute properties of the low-mass eclipsing binary CM Draconis". The Astrophysical Journal (published February 2009). 691 (2): 1400–1411. arXiv:0810.1541. Bibcode:2009ApJ...691.1400M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/691/2/1400. S2CID 3752277.
  44. Johnson, H. M.; Wright, C. D. (1983). "Predicted infrared brightness of stars within 25 parsecs of the sun". Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 53: 643–711. Bibcode:1983ApJS...53..643J. doi:10.1086/190905.—see p. 693.
  45. Fekel, Francis C; Hinkle, Kenneth H; Joyce, Richard R; Skrutskie, Michael F (2000). "Infrared Spectroscopy of Symbiotic Stars. II. Orbits for Five S-Type Systems with Two-Year Periods". The Astronomical Journal. 120 (6): 3255. Bibcode:2000AJ....120.3255F. doi:10.1086/316872.
  46. Nidever, David L.; et al. (August 2002). "Radial Velocities for 889 Late-Type Stars". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 141 (2): 503–522. arXiv:astro-ph/0112477. Bibcode:2002ApJS..141..503N. doi:10.1086/340570. S2CID 51814894.
  47. Phan-Bao, N.; Martin, E. L.; Donati, J.-F.; Lim, J. (2006-07-20). "Magnetic fields in M dwarfs: rapid magnetic field variability in EV Lac". The Astrophysical Journal. 646 (1): L73–L76. doi:10.1086/506591. ISSN 0004-637X.
  48. "Teide 1 Radius - Google Search". www.google.com. Retrieved 2018-09-05.
  49. Reiners, A.; Basri, G.; Browning, M. (2009-02-10). "Evidence for Magnetic Flux Saturation in Rapidly Rotating M Stars". The Astrophysical Journal. 692 (1): 538–545. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/692/1/538. ISSN 0004-637X.
  50. Howe, Alex R.; McElwain, Michael W.; Mandell, Avi M. (2022-08-01). "GJ 229B: Solving the Puzzle of the First Known T-Dwarf with the APOLLO Retrieval Code". The Astrophysical Journal. 935 (2): 107. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac5590. ISSN 0004-637X.
  51. Garmany, Katy. "NOAO/SOAR: Where do stars end and brown dwarfs begin?". National Optical Astronomy Observatory. Retrieved 14 December 2013.


Текст в блоке "Читать" взят с сайта "Википедия" и доступен по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike; в отдельных случаях могут действовать дополнительные условия.

Другой контент может иметь иную лицензию. Перед использованием материалов сайта WikiSort.org внимательно изучите правила лицензирования конкретных элементов наполнения сайта.

2019-2025
WikiSort.org - проект по пересортировке и дополнению контента Википедии