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2011 JY31 is a binary trans-Neptunian object from the Kuiper belt, located in the outermost region of the Solar System. It was discovered on 4 May 2011, by a team of astronomers using one of the Magellan Telescopes in Chile during the New Horizons KBO Search for a potential flyby target for the New Horizons spacecraft.[2] Distant observations by New Horizons from September 2018 revealed its binary nature, showing two 50 km (31 mi)-wide components in a tight, mutual orbit 200 km (120 mi) apart. The discovery adds support to streaming instability as the dominant mechanism in the formation of tight and contact binary planetesimals such as 486958 Arrokoth, which appear to be prevalent in the cold classical Kuiper belt population.[10][7][6]

2011 JY31
Discovery[1][2]
Discovered byNew Horizons KBO Search
Discovery siteLas Campanas Obs.
Discovery date4 May 2011
Designations
MPC designation
2011 JY31
Alternative designations
VNH0008[3]
Minor planet category
TNO[4] · cubewano[5]
distant[1] · binary[6]
Orbital characteristics[4]
Epoch 1 July 2021 (JD 2459396.5)
Uncertainty parameter 4
Observation arc5.17 yr (1,890 days)
Earliest precovery date28 April 2011
Aphelion47.183 AU
Perihelion41.518 AU
Semi-major axis
44.350 AU
Eccentricity0.06387
Orbital period (sidereal)
295.36 yr (107,881 d)
Mean anomaly
318.400°
Mean motion
0° 0m 12.013s / day
Inclination2.602°
Longitude of ascending node
231.356°
Argument of perihelion
105.231°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
50 km[7]
Synodic rotation period
46.62±0.06 h[6]
Axial tilt
61.5°±1.3° (wrt orbit)[6]
Geometric albedo
0.149 (geometric)[8]
0.036 (Bond)[8]
Spectral type
V–I=1.25±0.19[9]
Apparent magnitude
24.7[9]
Absolute magnitude (H)
8.8[4][1]

    Numbering and naming


    This minor planet has not been numbered by the Minor Planet Center and remains unnamed.[1]


    See also



    References


    1. "2011 JY31". Minor Planet Center. International Astronomical Union. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
    2. "MPEC 2012-X60 : 2011 JY31". Minor Planet Electronic Circular. Minor Planet Center. 11 December 2012. Bibcode:2012MPEC....X...60T. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
    3. Benecchi, Susan (October 2011). "Orbital Refinement and Characterization of New Horizons KBO candidates – HST Proposal 12535". Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes. Space Telescopes Science Institute. Bibcode:2011hst..prop12535B. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
    4. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (2011 JY31)" (2016-06-30 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
    5. Johnston, Wm. Robert (29 August 2021). "List of Known Trans-Neptunian Objects". Johnston's Archive. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
    6. Weaver, H. A.; Porter, S. B.; Spencer, J. R.; et al. (January 2022). "High Resolution Search for KBO Binaries from New Horizons". arXiv:2201.05940 [astro-ph.EP].
    7. Dickinson, David (8 October 2021). "New Horizons Discovers Kuiper Belt "Twins"". Sky & Telescope. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
    8. Verbiscer, Anne J.; Porter, Simon; Benecchi, Susan D.; Kavelaars, J. J.; Weaver, Harold A.; Spencer, John R.; et al. (September 2019). "Phase Curves from the Kuiper Belt: Photometric Properties of Distant Kuiper Belt Objects Observed by New Horizons". The Astronomical Journal. 158 (3): 17. arXiv:1405.7181. Bibcode:2019AJ....158..123V. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab3211. S2CID 202150415. 123.
    9. Benecchi, S. D.; Noll, K. S.; Weaver, H. A.; Spencer, J. R.; Stern, S. A.; Buie, M. W.; Parker, A. H. (January 2015). "New Horizons: Long-range Kuiper Belt targets observed by the Hubble Space Telescope" (PDF). Icarus. 246: 369–374. arXiv:1405.7181. Bibcode:2015Icar..246..369B. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2014.04.014. hdl:2060/20150011460. S2CID 119239605.
    10. Weaver, Harold; Porter, Simon; Spencer, John (October 2021). Discovery of Tight Binaries in the Kuiper Belt by New Horizons LORRI. 53rd Annual DPS Meeting. Vol. 53. American Astronomical Society. Bibcode:2021DPS....5330707W. 307.07.




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