astro.wikisort.org - Asteroid

4486 Mithra (prov. designation: 1987 SB), is an eccentric asteroid and suspected contact-binary, classified as near-Earth object and potentially hazardous asteroid, approximately 2 kilometers in diameter. It belongs to the Apollo group of asteroids and is a relatively slow rotator.

4486 Mithra

Discovery [1]
Discovered by	E. W. Elst V. G. Shkodrov
Discovery site	Rozhen Obs. – Smolyan
Discovery date	22 September 1987
Designations
MPC designation	(4486) Mithra
Pronunciation	/ˈmɪθrə/[2]
Named after	Mithra (proto-Indo-Iranian religion)[3]
Alternative designations	1987 SB 1974 DN1
Minor planet category	NEO Apollo PHA [1][4]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc	29.04 yr (10,607 days)
Aphelion	3.6582 AU
Perihelion	0.7417 AU
Semi-major axis	2.2000 AU
Eccentricity	0.6629
Orbital period (sidereal)	3.26 yr (1,192 days)
Mean anomaly	91.928°
Mean motion	0° 18m 7.2s / day
Inclination	3.0395°
Longitude of ascending node	82.240°
Argument of perihelion	168.87°
Earth MOID	0.0463 AU (18 LD)
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter	1.849±0.022 km[5][6] 2.25 km (calculated)[7]
Synodic rotation period	67.5±6 h[8] 100 h[9]
Geometric albedo	0.20 (assumed)[7] 0.297±0.056[5][6]
Spectral type	S [7]
Absolute magnitude (H)	15.6[1][5][7] 15.68±0.31[10]

The asteroid was discovered on 22 September 1987, by Belgian astronomer Eric Elst and Bulgarian astronomer Vladimir Shkodrov at Rozhen Observatory, in the Smolyan Province of Bulgaria.[4] It was named after the Indo-Iranian divinity Mithra.[3]

Orbit and classification

Mithra orbits the Sun at a distance of 0.7–3.7 AU once every 3 years and 3 months (1,192 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.66 and an inclination of 3° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] In 1974, Mithra was first identified as 1974 DN₁ at Crimea–Nauchnij. The body's observation arc begins 8 months prior to its official discovery observation, with a precovery taken at the Japanese Kiso Observatory in January 1987.[4]

Close approaches

As a potentially hazardous asteroid, it has a low minimum orbit intersection distance with Earth of 0.0462 AU (6,910,000 km; 18.0 LD).[1] On 14 August 2000, it passed 0.0465 AU (6,960,000 km; 18.1 LD) from Earth.[1]

Earth Approach on 11 April 2023[1]

Date	JPL Horizons nominal geocentric distance (AU)	uncertainty region (3-sigma)
2023-Apr-11 16:49	0.16267 AU (24.335 million km)[1]	±134 km[11]

Venus Approach on 4 November 2150[1]

Date	JPL Horizons nominal geocentric distance (AU)	uncertainty region (3-sigma)
2150-Nov-04 17:27 ± 00:44	0.01382 AU (2.067 million km)[1]	±1625 km[12]

Physical characteristics

Rotation period and shape

Radar imaging using a delay-Doppler technique at the Arecibo and Goldstone observatories rendered a rotation period of 67.5±6 hours.[8] Based on the radar analysis, Mithra is also a strong candidate for a contact binary, which is composed of two distinct lobes in mutual contact, held together by their weak gravitational attraction. They typically show a bifurcated, dumbbell-like shape (also see 4769 Castalia).[8][13] A large number of near-Earth objects are believed to be contact-binaries.[14]

Diameter and albedo

According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Mithra measures 1.85 kilometers in diameter and its surface has a high albedo of 0.297, while the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for stony asteroids of 0.20 and calculates a diameter of 2.25 kilometer with an absolute magnitude of 15.6.[5][6][7]

Naming

This minor planet was named after Mithra (also see Mitra), deity in the proto-Indo-Iranian religion. The mystery religion of Mithraism was practiced in the Roman Empire between the 1st and 4th century. Considered to be a rival of early Christianity, both religions shared similar characteristics such as elevation and the ritual of baptism. In the Hellenistic world, Mithra was conflated with Apollo. The asteroid 1862 Apollo is the namesake of this asteroid's orbital group.[3] The approved naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 5 September 1990 (M.P.C. 16885).[15]

References

External links

• (4486) Mithra at NeoDys, Near Earth Objects – Dynamic Site
• Radar observations and a physical model of contact binary Asteroid 4486 Mithra – Science Direct
• 3D Model Rotating image of the asteroid
• Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info Archived 16 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine)
• Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
• Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
• 4486 Mithra at NeoDyS-2, Near Earth Objects—Dynamic Site
  • Ephemerides · Observation prediction · Orbital info · MOID · Proper elements · Observational info · Close approaches · Physical info · Orbit animation
• 4486 Mithra at ESA–space situational awareness
  • Ephemerides · Observations · Orbit · Physical properties · Summary
• 4486 Mithra at the JPL Small-Body Database
  • Close approach · Discovery · Ephemeris · Orbit diagram · Orbital elements · Physical parameters

На других языках

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[de] (4486) Mithra

Vorlage:Infobox Asteroid/Wartung/Umlaufdauer

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- [en] 4486 Mithra

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[fr] (4486) Mithra

(4486) Mithra est un astéroïde Apollon et aréocroiseur. Il fut découvert par Eric Elst et Vladimir Georgiev Škodrov le 22 septembre 1987. Il est nommé d'après Mithra, dieu indo-iranien de la lumière. En Asie Mineure, aux environs de 330 av. J.-C., le dieu Mithra fut assimilé au dieu grec Apollon, d'où le nom adopté.

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[ru] (4486) Митра

(4486) Митра (др.-инд. Mitrá, авест. Miθra) — околоземный астероид из группы аполлонов, который характеризуется очень вытянутой орбитой с большим эксцентриситетом, из-за чего в процессе движения вокруг Солнца он пересекает орбиту не только Земли, но и Марса, в перигелии вплотную подходя к орбите Венеры. Астероид был открыт 22 сентября 1987 года астрономами Эриком Эльстом, Владимиром Шкодровым в обсерватории Рожен и назван в честь Митра, божество индоиранского происхождения[1].

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