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702 Alauda /əˈlɔːdə/, provisional designation 1910 KQ, is a carbonaceous asteroid and binary system from the outer asteroid belt, approximately 190 kilometers in diameter.[2] It is the parent body of the Alauda family. Discovered in 1910 by German astronomer Joseph Helffrich at Heidelberg Observatory, it was named after the lark (alauda).[3][6] Its small moon, named Pichi üñëm, was discovered in 2007.[10][21]

702 Alauda
702 Alauda as seen an hour after occulting TYC 1920-00620-1[1]
Discovery [2][3]
Discovered byJ. Helffrich
Discovery siteHeidelberg Obs.
Discovery date1910
Designations
MPC designation
(702) Alauda
Pronunciation/əˈlɔːdə/[4][5]
Named after
Alauda (genus of Birds)[6]
Alternative designations
1910 KQ
Minor planet category
main-belt · (outer) [7]
Alauda [8]
AdjectivesAlaudian
Orbital characteristics [2]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc106.89 yr (39,040 days)
Aphelion3.2533 AU
Perihelion3.1372 AU
Semi-major axis
3.1953 AU
Eccentricity0.0182
Orbital period (sidereal)
5.71 yr (2,086 days)
Mean anomaly
311.58°
Mean motion
0° 10m 21.36s / day
Inclination20.589°
Longitude of ascending node
289.77°
Argument of perihelion
349.49°
Known satellites1 (Pichi üñëm)[9][10]
Physical characteristics
Dimensions163.98±57.99 km[11]
172.29±55.38 km[12]
175 km[13]
190.58±2.65 km[14]
190.980±1.973 km[15]
194.73±3.2 km[16]
201.961±4.642 km[17]
202±20 km[18]
Mass1018 kg[19]
Mean density
(1.57 ± 0.5) g/cm3[19]
Synodic rotation period
8.3531 h (0.34805 d)[7]
Geometric albedo
0.0587±0.002[2]
Spectral type
C (Tholen)[2]
B (SMASSII)[2]
Apparent magnitude
11.42 to 13.57[20]
Absolute magnitude (H)
7.25[2]

    Satellite


    Alauda's satellite Pichi üñëm, provisionally known as S/2007 (702) 1, was discovered on 26 July 2007 from observations using adaptive-optics imaging with the European Southern Observatory (ESO) 8-m Very Large Telescope (VLT) on Cerro Paranal, Chile.[10] It is about 3.5 km in diameter (assuming it has the same albedo as the primary) and orbits Alauda in a nearly circular orbit at a distance of 1226.5±24 km. Pichi üñëm takes 4.91 days to complete one orbit.[19][21][22] It was named Pichi üñëm (Mapuche pronunciation: [ˈpɪtʃi ɨˈɲɘm], approximately /ˈpɪtʃi ɪˈnjʌm/), meaning "little bird" in the Mapuche language of Chile, the country from which the moon was discovered.[23]


    Orbital characteristics


    Alauda has been identified as the largest member of the Alauda family, a dynamical family of bright carbonaceous asteroids with more than a thousand known members.[24]: 23  Other members of this family include: 581 Tauntonia, 1101 Clematis, 1838 Ursa, 3139 Shantou, 3325 TARDIS, 4368 Pillmore, 5360 Rozhdestvenskij, 5815 Shinsengumi, and many others.[25] Alauda's moon may be a result of the collision that created the asteroid family.[10]


    Physical characteristics


    The discovery and tracking of Alauda's moon enabled Alauda's mass to be determined. The discoverers of the moon, Patricio Rojo and Jean-Luc Margot, estimated Alauda's mass to be (6.057 ± 0.36)×1018 kg and its density to be (1.57 ± 0.5) g/cm3.[19]


    Occultations


    Alauda has been observed to occult stars on several occasions, providing important information on its size and shape. It produced occultations on 2001-07-12 and 2004-04-21.[26] It may have occulted an apparent magnitude 9.5 star in the constellation of Gemini on 2009-10-17 at 08:18 UT.[1] This event should have been visible from Uruguay, Argentina, and Chile.[1]


    References


    1. Steve Preston. "(702) Alauda / TYC 1920-00620-1 event on 2009 Oct 17, 08:18 UT". Asteroid Occultation Updates. Retrieved 5 October 2009.[permanent dead link]
    2. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 702 Alauda (1910 KQ)" (2017-06-05 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
    3. "702 Alauda (1910 KQ)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
    4. "Alauda". Merriam-Webster Dictionary.
    5. 'Alaude' in Noah Webster (1884) A Practical Dictionary of the English Language
    6. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(702) Alauda". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (702) Alauda. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 68. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_703. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    7. "LCDB Data for (702) Alauda". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 6 November 2017.
    8. "Asteroid 702 Alauda – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 24 October 2019.
    9. Johnston, Robert (21 September 2014). "(702) Alauda". johnstonsarchive.net. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
    10. Margot, Jean-Luc; Rojo, P. (October 2007). "Discovery of a Satellite to Asteroid Family Member (702) Alauda". American Astronomical Society. 39: 440. Bibcode:2007DPS....39.1608M. Retrieved 27 February 2018.
    11. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv:1509.02522. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. S2CID 9341381. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
    12. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T.; et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (3): 12. arXiv:1606.08923. Bibcode:2016AJ....152...63N. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63. S2CID 119289027. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
    13. Marchis, F.; Kaasalainen, M.; Hom, E. F. Y.; Berthier, J.; Enriquez, J.; Hestroffer, D.; et al. (November 2006). "Shape, size and multiplicity of main-belt asteroids. I. Keck Adaptive Optics survey". Icarus. 185 (1): 39–63. Bibcode:2006Icar..185...39M. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2006.06.001. PMC 2600456. PMID 19081813.
    14. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    15. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. S2CID 46350317. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
    16. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
    17. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. S2CID 118700974.
    18. Alí-Lagoa, V.; de León, J.; Licandro, J.; Delbó, M.; Campins, H.; Pinilla-Alonso, N.; et al. (June 2013). "Physical properties of B-type asteroids from WISE data". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 554: 16. arXiv:1303.5487. Bibcode:2013A&A...554A..71A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220680. S2CID 119214002. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
    19. Rojo, P.; Margot, J. L. (February 2011). "Mass and Density of the B-type Asteroid (702) Alauda". The Astrophysical Journal. 727 (2): 5. arXiv:1011.6577. Bibcode:2011ApJ...727...69R. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/727/2/69. S2CID 59449907.
    20. Magnitudes generated with JPL Horizons for the year 1950 through 2100
    21. P. Rojo and J.L. Margot (2 August 2007). "Electronic Telegram No. 1016: S/2007 (702) 1". IAU Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. Retrieved 5 July 2011.
    22. "Asteroid and Dwarf Planet News". Retrieved 6 October 2009.
    23. "New Names of Minor Planets" (PDF). (2.19 MB)
    24. Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families. Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. arXiv:1502.01628. Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN 9780816532131. S2CID 119280014.
    25. "Opposition dates and magnitudes for 702 family members (2004–2008)". Italian organization of minor planet observers. Archived from the original on 7 February 2012. Retrieved 5 October 2009.
    26. David Dunham. "Observed asteroidal occultation list". Retrieved 27 January 2011.



    На других языках

    [de] (702) Alauda

    (702) Alauda ist ein Asteroid des Hauptgürtels, der am 16. Juli 1910 vom deutschen Astronomen Joseph Helffrich in Heidelberg entdeckt wurde. 2007 wurde ein kleiner Begleiter namens Pichi üñëm entdeckt.
    - [en] 702 Alauda

    [es] (702) Alauda

    (702) Alauda es un asteroide perteneciente al cinturón de asteroides descubierto el 16 de julio de 1910 por Joseph Helffrich desde el observatorio de Heidelberg-Königstuhl, Alemania. Está nombrado por la palabra que designa el género de las alondras.[2]

    [ru] (702) Алауда

    (702) Алауда (лат. Alauda) — крупный астероид главного пояса, имеющий в диаметре почти 194,73 км и принадлежащий к редкому спектральному классу B. Астероид был обнаружен 16 июля 1910 года американским астрономом Джозефом Хелффричем в Гейдельбергской обсерватории и получил имя латинского названия рода птиц из семейства жаворонковых[7].


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