astro.wikisort.org - Researcher

Bernard Ferdinand Lyot (27 February 1897 in Paris – 2 April 1952 in Cairo) was a French astronomer.

Bernard Lyot
Born	(1897-02-27)27 February 1897 Paris, France
Died	2 April 1952(1952-04-02) (aged 55) Cairo, Egypt
Nationality	French
Citizenship	France
Alma mater	University of Paris
Known for	Solar astronomy Coronagraph Lyot depolarizer Lyot filter Lyot stop
Awards	Lalande Prize (1928) Prix Jules Janssen (1932) Howard N. Potts Medal (1942) Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1939) Henry Draper Medal (1951)
Scientific career
Fields	Astronomy

Biography

An avid reader of the works of Camille Flammarion, he became a member of the Société Astronomique de France in 1915 and made his first observations using the society's telescope on rue Serpente in Paris.[1] He soon acquired a 4-inch (100 mm) telescope and soon upgraded to a 6-inch (150 mm). From graduation in 1918 until 1929, he worked as a demonstrator at the École Polytechnique and studied engineering, physics, and chemistry at the University of Paris.

From 1920 until his death he worked for the Meudon Observatory, where in 1930 he earned the title of Joint Astronomer of the Observatory. After gaining the title, he earned a reputation of being an expert of polarized and monochromatic light. Throughout the 1930s, he labored to perfect the coronagraph, which he invented to observe the corona without having to wait for a solar eclipse. In 1938, he showed a movie of the corona in action to the International Astronomical Union. In 1939, he was elected to the French Academy of Sciences. He became Chief Astronomer at the Meudon Observatory in 1943 and received the Bruce Medal in 1947.

Lyot was the President of the Société astronomique de France, the French astronomical society, from 1945-1947.[2]

He suffered a heart attack while returning from an eclipse expedition in Sudan and died on 2 April 1952, at the age of 55.[3]

Observations and Achievements on Pic du Midi

• Lunar soil behaves like volcanic dust.
• Mars has sandstorms.
• Improved his coronagraph.
• Made motion pictures of solar prominences and the corona.
• Found spectral lines in the corona.

Inventions

• Coronagraph
• Lyot filter
• Lyot stop
• Lyot depolarizer

Awards and honors

Awards

• Lalande Prize from the French Academy of Sciences[4]
• Janssen Medal from the French Academy of Sciences (1930)
• Prix Jules Janssen, the highest award of the Société astronomique de France(1932)
• Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1939)[5]
• Howard N. Potts Medal (1942)[6]
• Bruce Medal (1947)[7]
• Henry Draper Medal of the National Academy of Sciences (1951)[8]

Named for him

• Lyot (lunar crater).
• Lyot (Martian crater).
• Minor planet 2452 Lyot.

References

На других языках

---

[de] Bernard Ferdinand Lyot

Bernard Ferdinand Lyot (* 27. Februar 1897 in Paris; † 2. April 1952 in Kairo) war ein französischer Astronom, der sich insbesondere der Erforschung der Sonne widmete.

---

- [en] Bernard Lyot

---

[es] Bernard Lyot

Bernard Ferdinand Lyot más conocido como Bernard Lyot (París, 27 de febrero de 1897 - El Cairo, 2 de abril de 1952) fue un astrónomo francés.[1]

---

[fr] Bernard Lyot

Bernard Lyot (27 février 1897 à Paris – 2 avril 1952 au Caire) est un astronome français, inventeur notamment du coronographe qui porte son nom[1].

---

[it] Bernard Lyot

Bernard Lyot (Parigi, 27 febbraio 1897 – Il Cairo, 2 aprile 1952) è stato un astronomo francese.

---

[ru] Лио, Бернар

Бернáр Лиó (фр. Bernard Lyot; 1897—1952) — французский астроном.

---

---