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Charles-Eugène Delaunay (9 April 1816 – 5 August 1872) was a French astronomer and mathematician. His lunar motion studies were important in advancing both the theory of planetary motion and mathematics.[1]

Charles-Eugène Delaunay
Charles-Eugène Delaunay
Born	(1816-04-09)9 April 1816 Lusigny-sur-Barse, France
Died	5 August 1872(1872-08-05) (aged 56) Cherbourg, France
Nationality	French
Known for	Delaunay variables
Scientific career
Fields	Astronomy Celestial mechanics
Institutions	Paris Observatory

Life

Born in Lusigny-sur-Barse, France, to Jacques‐Hubert Delaunay and Catherine Choiselat,[2] Delaunay studied under Jean-Baptiste Biot at the Sorbonne. He worked on the mechanics of the Moon as a special case of the three-body problem. He published two volumes on the topic, each of 900 pages in length, in 1860 and 1867. The work hints at chaos in the system, and clearly demonstrates the problem of so-called "small denominators" in perturbation theory. His infinite series expression for finding the position of the Moon converged too slowly to be of practical use but was a catalyst in the development of functional analysis[3] and computer algebra.[4]

Delaunay became director of the Paris Observatory in 1870 but drowned in a boating accident near Cherbourg, France, two years later.[3] He was followed by Jean Claude Bouquet at the Academy. Peter Guthrie Tait in his book An Elementary Treatise on Quaternions edition 1867 on page 244 named Didonia in honour of Delaunay.

Honours

• Member of the Académie des Sciences, (1855)[5]
• Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society, (1870)[6]
• His name is one of the 72 names inscribed on the Eiffel Tower.

References

Bibliography

By Delaunay

• Delaunay, C.-E. (1874) [1850]. Cours élémentaire de mécanique (8th ed.).
• Delaunay, C.-E. (1870) [1853]. Cours élémentaire d'astronomie (5th ed.).
• Delaunay, C.-E. (1873) [1856]. Traité de mécanique rationnelle (4th ed.).
• Delaunay, C.-E. (1860). Théorie du mouvement de la lune. Vol. 1.
• Delaunay, C.-E. (1867). Théorie du mouvement de la lune. Vol. 2.
• Delaunay, C.-E. (1866). Ralentissement de la rotation de la terre.
• Delaunay, C.-E. (1867). Rapport sur les progrès de l'astronomie.

About Delaunay

• [Anon.] (2001) "Delaunay, Charles-Eugène", Encyclopædia Britannica, Deluxe edition CD-ROM
• O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Charles-Eugène Delaunay", MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, University of St Andrews
• Some of Delaunay's works are digitalized on Paris Observatory digital library.

На других языках

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[de] Charles Eugène Delaunay

Charles Eugène Delaunay (* 9. April 1816 in Lusigny-sur-Barse bei Troyes; † 5. August 1872 bei Cherbourg) war ein französischer Mathematiker und Astronom.

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- [en] Charles-Eugène Delaunay

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[es] Charles-Eugène Delaunay

Charles-Eugène Delaunay (9 de abril de 1816-5 de agosto de 1872) fue un astrónomo y matemático francés. Sus estudios del movimiento de la luna fueron importantes tanto para la teoría del movimiento planetario como para las matemáticas.

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[it] Charles-Eugène Delaunay

Charles-Eugène Delaunay (9 aprile 1816 – 5 agosto 1872) è stato un astronomo e matematico francese.

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[ru] Делоне, Шарль-Эжен

Шарль-Эжен Делоне (фр. Charles-Eugène Delaunay; 9 апреля 1816 — 5 августа 1872) — французский астроном и математик. Его исследования в области теории движения Луны стали весомым вкладом как в развитие теории движения планет, так и в области математики.

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