George Parker, 2nd Earl of Macclesfield, PRS (c. 1695 or 1697 – 17 March 1764) was an English peer and astronomer.

The Right Honourable The Earl of Macclesfield PRS
Portrait by Benjamin Wilson
15th President of the Royal Society
In office 1752–1764
Preceded by	Martin Folkes
Succeeded by	James Douglas
Teller of the Exchequer
In office 1719–1763
Preceded by	The Lord Torrington
Succeeded by	George Grenville
Personal details
Died	(1764-03-17)17 March 1764
Children	1

Styled Viscount Parker from 1721 to 1732, he was Member of Parliament (MP) for Wallingford from 1722 to 1727, but his interests were not in politics. In 1722 he became a fellow of the Royal Society, and he spent most of his time in astronomical observations at his Oxfordshire seat, Shirburn Castle, which had been bought by his father in 1716; here he built an observatory and a chemical laboratory.

He was very prominent in making the case in Parliament for the Calendar (New Style) Act 1750, with which the Kingdom of Great Britain and the British Empire changed from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar in 1752.

When his son ran for parliament as a Whig in 1754, his role in the calendar reform was one of many issues raised by the son's Tory opponents; one of Hogarth's satirical series of paintings about these elections (1755) is the only source for the subsequent "Give us our eleven days" myth.

From 1752 until his death, Macclesfield was president of the Royal Society, and he made some observations on the great 1755 Lisbon earthquake.

In 1750 Macclesfield was offered the honorary position of vice president of the Foundling Hospital, which he accepted and kept until his death in 1764. The Foundling Hospital was a charitable institution created a decade earlier, dedicated to saving London's abandoned children. The Earl seems to have taken his position seriously, as he commissioned the artist Benjamin Wilson to paint a full size portrait of him, which he then donated to the hospital. The portrait is still in the Foundling Hospital Collection and available to view at the Foundling Museum.

In 1755, Parker was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. He also was a corresponding member of the Académie des sciences.[2]

Family

George Parker was born in cir 1695 to Thomas Parker, 1st Earl of Macclesfield and his wife Janet née Carrier. George Parker married twice. Firstly, on 18 September 1722 to Mary Lane daughter of Ralph Lane, Turkey merchant, of Woodbury; with issue:

• Thomas Parker, 3rd Earl of Macclesfield
• Hon. George Lane Parker

Secondly, on 20 December 1757 at St James Westminster, to Dorothy Nesbitt, with no known issue

See also

• Shirburn Castle

References

•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Macclesfield, Charles Gerard, 1st Earl of". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 202–203.
• R.H. Nichols and F A. Wray, The History of the Foundling Hospital (London: Oxford University Press, 1935).

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[de] George Parker, 2. Earl of Macclesfield

[ru] Паркер, Джордж, 2-й граф Макклсфилд