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Alpha Coronae Australis or α Coronae Australis, officially named Meridiana (/məˌrɪdiˈænə/),[10] is the brightest star in the constellation of Corona Australis and is located about 125 light-years from Earth.

α Coronae Australis
Location of α CrA (circled)
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0 (ICRS)
Constellation Corona Australis
Right ascension 19h 09m 28.34097s[1]
Declination –37° 54′ 16.1022″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 4.102[2]
Characteristics
Spectral type A2V[3]
U−B color index +0.06[4]
B−V color index +0.04[4]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−18.40±1.78[5] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: 84.87[1] mas/yr
Dec.: −95.99[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)26.02 ± 0.25 mas[1]
Distance125 ± 1 ly
(38.4 ± 0.4 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)1.11[6]
Details
Mass2.57[7] M☉
Radius2.21[3] R☉
Luminosity31[8] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.08[7] cgs
Temperature9,916±337[7] K
Rotational velocity (v sin i)195[9] km/s
Age254[2] Myr
Other designations
Meridiana, α CrA, Alf CrA, CD−38° 13350, FK5 718, GC 26360, HD 178253, HIP 94114, HR 7254, SAO 210990, IRAS 19060-3759, 2MASS J19092834-3754157[4]
Database references
SIMBADdata

Nomenclature


α Coronae Australis (Latinised to Alpha Coronae Australis) is the star's Bayer designation.

It is the only star in the constellation with a traditional proper name, Alphekka Meridiana (Latin for 'Alphekka South'), after Alphecca, the brightest star in the constellation Corona Borealis.[citation needed] The name Alphecca or Alphekka is Arabic, short for نير الفكّة nayyir al-fakka "the bright (star) of the broken (ring of stars)".[11] In 2016, the IAU organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)[12] to catalog and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN approved the name Meridiana for this star on 5 September 2017 and it is now so included in the List of IAU-approved Star Names.[10]

In Chinese, 鱉 (Biē), meaning River Turtle, refers to an asterism consisting of Alpha Coronae Australis, Alpha Telescopii, Eta¹ Coronae Australis, Zeta Coronae Australis, Delta Coronae Australis, Beta Coronae Australis, Gamma Coronae Australis, Epsilon Coronae Australis, HD 175362, Kappa² Coronae Australis and Theta Coronae Australis.[13] Consequently, the Chinese name for Alpha Coronae Australis itself is 鱉六 (Biēliù, English: the Sixth Star of River Turtle.).[14]


Properties


Alpha Coronae Australis belongs to the spectral class A2Va, making it an A-type star like Vega. Like the latter, it has excess infrared radiation, which indicates it may be ringed by a disk of dust.[8] It has an apparent magnitude of +4.10.[4] The star's mass and radius are estimated at 2.3 times the Sun's mass and radius. With an effective temperature of roughly 9,100 K, the star radiates a total luminosity of about 31 times the Sun's.[8] This star is roughly 254 million years old.[2] A rapidly rotating star, it spins at almost 200 km per second at the equator, making a complete revolution in approximately 14 hours,[9] close to its breakup velocity.


See also



References


  1. van Leeuwen, F. (November 2007). "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 474 (2): 653–664. arXiv:0708.1752. Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. S2CID 18759600.
  2. Song, Inseok; et al. (February 2001), "Ages of A-Type Vega-like Stars from uvbyβ Photometry", The Astrophysical Journal, 546 (1): 352–357, arXiv:astro-ph/0010102, Bibcode:2001ApJ...546..352S, doi:10.1086/318269, S2CID 18154947
  3. Cotten, Tara H.; Song, Inseok (July 2016). "A Comprehensive Census of Nearby Infrared Excess Stars". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 225 (1): 24. arXiv:1606.01134. Bibcode:2016ApJS..225...15C. doi:10.3847/0067-0049/225/1/15. S2CID 118438871. 15.
  4. "* alf CrA". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2012-09-02.
  5. Kharchenko, N. V.; et al. (2007). "Astrophysical supplements to the ASCC-2.5: Ia. Radial velocities of ~55000 stars and mean radial velocities of 516 Galactic open clusters and associations". Astronomische Nachrichten. 328 (9): 889. arXiv:0705.0878. Bibcode:2007AN....328..889K. doi:10.1002/asna.200710776. S2CID 119323941.
  6. "α Coronae Australis (star)". Wolfram Alpha. Retrieved 2012-09-02.
  7. David, Trevor J.; Hillenbrand, Lynne A. (2015). "The Ages of Early-Type Stars: Strömgren Photometric Methods Calibrated, Validated, Tested, and Applied to Hosts and Prospective Hosts of Directly Imaged Exoplanets". The Astrophysical Journal. 804 (2): 146. arXiv:1501.03154. Bibcode:2015ApJ...804..146D. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/804/2/146. S2CID 33401607.
  8. Kaler, James B. "ALFECCA MERIDIANA (Alpha Coronae Australis)". Stars. University of Illinois. Retrieved 2012-09-02.
  9. Royer, F.; Zorec, J.; Gómez, A. E. (February 2007). "Rotational velocities of A-type stars. III. Velocity distributions". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 463 (2): 671–682. arXiv:astro-ph/0610785. Bibcode:2007A&A...463..671R. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20065224. S2CID 18475298.
  10. "Naming Stars". IAU.org. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  11. Allen, Richard Hinckley (1963) [1899]. Star Names: Their Lore and Meaning (Reprint ed.). New York, NY: Dover Publications Inc. pp. 172–73. ISBN 0-486-21079-0.
  12. "IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)". Retrieved 22 May 2016.
  13. (in Chinese) 中國星座神話, written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005, ISBN 978-986-7332-25-7.
  14. (in Chinese) 香港太空館 - 研究資源 - 亮星中英對照表 Archived 2008-10-25 at the Wayback Machine, Hong Kong Space Museum. Accessed on line November 23, 2010.

На других языках

[de] Alpha Coronae Australis

α Coronae Australis (Alpha Coronae Australis, kurz α CrA) ist ein Hauptreihenstern im Sternbild Corona Australis. Er gehört der Spektralklasse A2 an, besitzt eine scheinbare Helligkeit von 4,1 mag und ist etwa 125 Lichtjahre von der Erde entfernt.
- [en] Alpha Coronae Australis

[es] Alfecca Meridiana

Alfecca Meridiana es el nombre de la estrella α Coronae Australis (α CrA / HD 178253), de magnitud aparente +4,10,[1] la más brillante de la constelación de Corona Austral junto con β Coronae Australis, ambas de brillo similar. El nombre de Alfecca proviene del árabe an-na´ir al-fakkah, «la que brilla en el agujero», en referencia al círculo de estrellas que forma la corona. La palabra Meridiana procede del latín, y parece aludir a la posición austral de la estrella en contraposición a Alphecca (α Coronae Borealis), estrella mucho más brillante en la constelación de Corona Boreal, con la que no debe confundirse a pesar del nombre parecido.

[ru] Альфа Южной Короны

Альфа Южной Короны (α CrA, α Coronae Australis) — звезда в созвездии Южной Короны. Только у этой звезды в созвездии есть собственное имя Альфекка Меридиана (Альфекка Южная), как и у ярчайшей звезды Северной Короны — Альфекки. В китайской астрономии известна как 鱉六 (шестая звезда Речной черепахи). Относится к белым звёздам наподобие Веги, она также очень быстро вращается вокруг своей оси, со скоростью близкой к скорости отрыва.


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