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The following is a list of stars with resolved images, that is, stars whose images have been resolved beyond a point source.[clarification needed] Aside from the Sun, observed from Earth, stars are exceedingly small in apparent size, requiring the use of special high-resolution equipment and techniques to image. For example, Betelgeuse, the first star other than the Sun to be directly imaged, has an angular diameter of only 50 milliarcseconds (mas).[1]


List


List of stars with resolved images
Star Image Diameter Distance
(ly)		 Imager Notes
Angular (mas) Geometric (Sun = 1)
Sun 2×106 1 0.0000158 Various
Altair 3.2 1.66±0.01 (polar)
2.02±0.01 (equator)		 16.77±0.08 CHARA array - MIRC[2]
Rasalhague (Alpha Ophiuchi A) 1.62±0.03 2.39±0.01 (polar)
2.87±0.02 (equator)		 48.6±0.8 CHARA array - MIRC[3]
Alderamin (Alpha Cephei) 1.35±0.02 (polar)
1.75±0.03 (equator)		 2.20±0.04 (polar)
2.74±0.04 (equator)		 48.8±0.36 CHARA array - MIRC[3]
Caph (Beta Cassiopeiae) 1.70±0.04 3.1±0.1 (polar)
3.8±0.1 (equator)		 54.7±0.3 CHARA array - MIRC[4]
Regulus (Alpha Leonis A) 1.24±0.02 3.2±0.1 (polar)
4.2±0.1 (equator)		 79.3±0.7 CHARA array - MIRC[4]
Algol Aa1 (Beta Persei Aa1)
(stationary object)
0.88±0.05 4.13 93±2 CHARA array - MIRC[5]
Algol Aa2 (Beta Persei Aa2)
(orbiting object)		 1.12±0.07 3
Algol Ab (Beta Persei Ab) 0.56±0.10 0.9 Observed radius of Algol Ab is an instrumental artifact,
caused by bandwidth smearing. Actual radius is 1.73 ± 0.33 R☉.
Zeta Andromedae Aa 2.502±0.008 15.0±0.8 (polar) 189±3 CHARA array - MIRC[6][7] First direct imaging of starspots on a star outside the Solar System.
R Doradus 57±5 370±50 204±9 New Technology Telescope[8] 2nd largest known star by apparent diameter in Earth's sky, after the Sun.
Mira (Omicron Ceti) 50 up to 700 420 Hubble - FOC[9]
T Leporis 5.8
15 for molecular layer		 100 500 Very Large Telescope - VLTI[10]/AMBER[11]
Pi1 Gruis 18.37[citation needed] 694 530 Very Large Telescope - VLTI/PIONIER[12] First directly observed granulation patterns on a star's surface
outside the Solar System.
Antares 41.3±0.1 700 620 Very Large Telescope - VLTI/AMBER[13]
Betelgeuse 50 630 643±146
Sheliak A (Beta Lyrae A) 0.46 6 960±50 CHARA array - MIRC[17]
Theta1 Orionis C 0.2 10.6±1.5 1400 Very Large Telescope - AMBER[18],
GRAVITY[19]
Almaaz A (Epsilon Aurigae A) 2.27 3.7±0.7 ca. 2000 CHARA array - MIRC[20] Supergiant with an eclipsing companion surrounded by a massive, opaque debris disk
HR 5171 4.1±0.8 1575±400 11740±1630 Very Large Telescope - VLTI/PIONIER[21] Eclipsing and potential contact binary yellow hypergiant
β Tau (Beta Tauri) 1.09±0.076 4.82±0.34 134±2 CHARA array [22]
η UMa (Eta Ursae Majoris) 0.834±0.060 2.86±0.21 103.9±0.8 CHARA array [22]
α Peg (Alpha Pegasi) 1.052±0.066 4.62±0.29 133±1 CHARA array [22]

See also



References


  1. H.Uitenbroek; Dupree, A. K.; Gilliland, R. L. (1998). "Spatially Resolved Hubble Space Telescope Spectra of the Chromosphere of alpha Orionis". Astronomical Journal. 116 (5): 2501. Bibcode:1998AJ....116.2501U. doi:10.1086/300596.
  2. J.D. Monnier; et al. (2007). "Imaging the Surface of Altair". Science. 317 (5836): 342–5. arXiv:0706.0867. Bibcode:2007Sci...317..342M. doi:10.1126/science.1143205. PMID 17540860.
  3. M. Zhao; et al. (2009). "Imaging And Modeling Rapidly Rotating Stars: Alpha Cephei And Alpha Ophiuchi". The Astrophysical Journal. 701 (1): 209–224. arXiv:0906.2241. Bibcode:2009ApJ...701..209Z. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/701/1/209.
  4. X. Che; et al. (2011). "Colder And Hotter: Interferometric Imaging Of Beta Cassiopeiae And ?lpha Leonis". The Astrophysical Journal. 732 (2): 68. arXiv:1105.0740. Bibcode:2011ApJ...732...68C. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/732/2/68.
  5. Baron, F.; Monnier, J.; Pedretti, E.; Zhao, M.; Schaefer, G.; Parks, R.; Che, X.; Thureau, N.; ten Brummelaar, T. A.; McAlister, H. A.; Ridgway, S. T.; Farrington, C.; Sturmann, J.; Sturmann, L.; Turner, N. (2012). "Imaging the Algol Triple System in the H Band with the CHARA Interferometer". The Astrophysical Journal. 752 (1): 20. arXiv:1205.0754. Bibcode:2012ApJ...752...20B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/752/1/20.
  6. Kővári, Zs.; Bartus, J.; Strassmeier, K. G.; Oláh, K.; Weber, M.; Rice, J. B.; Washuettl, A. (2007). "Doppler imaging of stellar surface structure. XXIII. The ellipsoidal K giant binary ζ Andromedae". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 463 (3): 1071. arXiv:1301.0445. Bibcode:2007A&A...463.1071K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20065982.
  7. Roettenbacher, R.M.; Monnier, J.D.; Korhonen, H.; Aarnio, A.N.; Baron, F.; Che, X.; Harmon, R.O.; Kővári, Zs.; Kraus, S.; Schaefer, G.H.; Torres, G.; Zhao, M.; Ten Brummelaar, T.A.; Sturmann, J.; Sturmann, L. (2016). "No Sun-like dynamo on the active star ζ Andromedae from starspot asymmetry". Nature. 533 (7602): 217–220. arXiv:1709.10107. Bibcode:2016Natur.533..217R. doi:10.1038/nature17444. PMID 27144357.
  8. "The Biggest Star in the Sky". ESO. March 11, 1997. Retrieved 2010-06-26.
  9. "Hubble Separates Stars in the Mira Binary System". HubbleSite. 6 August 1997. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
  10. "Hundred metre virtual telescope captures unique detailed colour image". European Southern Observatory. 18 February 2009. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
  11. J.-B. Le Bouquin, S. Lacour, S. Renard, E. Thiébaut, A. Merand, T. Verhoelst, Pre-maximum spectro-imaging of the Mira star T Leporis with AMBER/VLTI, Astronomy and Astrophysics Volume 496, Number 1, March II 2009, L1-L4.
  12. "Giant Bubbles on Red Giant Star's Surface". www.eso.org. Retrieved 22 December 2017.
  13. "Astronomers Capture Best-Ever Image of Alien Star". Scientific American. 24 August 2017. Retrieved 27 August 2017.
  14. "Betelgeuse captured by ALMA". European Southern Observatory. 26 June 2017. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
  15. "Sharpest views of Betelgeuse reveal how supergiant stars lose mass". European Southern Observatory. 29 July 2009. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
  16. "The Flames of Betelgeuse". European Southern Observatory. 23 June 2011. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
  17. M. Zhao; et al. (2008). "First Resolved Images Of The Eclipsing And Interacting Binary Beta Lyrae". The Astrophysical Journal. 684 (2): L95–L98. arXiv:0808.0932. Bibcode:2008ApJ...684L..95Z. doi:10.1086/592146.
  18. "The orbit of Theta1 Orionis C". European Southern Observatory. 18 February 2009. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
  19. "GRAVITY discovers new double star in Orion Trapezium cluster". European Southern Observatory. 13 January 2016. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
  20. B. Kloppenborg; et al. (2010). "Infrared images of the transiting disk in the Epsilon Aurigae system". Nature. 464 (7290): 370–2. arXiv:1004.2464. Bibcode:2010Natur.464..870K. doi:10.1038/nature08968. PMID 20376144.
  21. Wittkowski, M; Abellan, F. J; Arroyo-Torres, B; Chiavassa, A; Guirado, J. C; Marcaide, J. M; Alberdi, A; De Wit, W. J; Hofmann, K.-H; Meilland, A; Millour, F; Mohamed, S; Sanchez-Bermudez, J (28 September 2017). "Multi-epoch VLTI-PIONIER imaging of the supergiant V766 Cen: Image of the close companion in front of the primary". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 1709: L1. arXiv:1709.09430. Bibcode:2017A&A...606L...1W. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731569. S2CID 54740936.
  22. Gordon, Kathryn D.; Gies, Douglas R.; Schaefer, Gail H.; Huber, Daniel; Ireland, Michael (7 March 2019). "Angular Sizes, Radii, and Effective Temperatures of B-type Stars from Optical Interferometry with the CHARA Array". The Astrophysical Journal. 873 (1): 91. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab04b2. eISSN 1538-4357.


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