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Gliese 581e /ˈɡliːzə/ or Gl 581e is an extrasolar planet orbiting within the Gliese 581 system, located approximately 20.4 light-years away from Earth in the Libra constellation. It is the third planet discovered in the system (fourth if the disputed planet candidate Gliese 581d is included) and the first in order from the star.

Gliese 581e
Size comparison of Gliese 581e with Earth.
(Based on selected hypothetical modeled compositions)
Discovery
Discovered byMayor et al.
Discovery siteLa Silla Observatory, Chile
Discovery date21 April 2009
Detection method
Radial velocity
Orbital characteristics
Semi-major axis
0.02815 ± 0.00006 AU (4,211,200 ± 9,000 km)[1]
Eccentricity0.00 ± 0.06[1]
Orbital period (sidereal)
3.1490 ± 0.0002[1] d
Time of periastron
2454752.33 ± 0.05[1]
Semi-amplitude1.7 ± 0.2[1]
StarGliese 581

    The planet was discovered by an Observatory of Geneva team led by Michel Mayor, using the HARPS instrument on the European Southern Observatory 3.6 m (140 in) telescope in La Silla, Chile. The discovery was announced on 21 April 2009. Mayor's team employed the radial velocity technique, in which the orbit size and mass of a planet are determined based on the small perturbations it induces in its parent star's orbit via gravity.[2]

    At a minimum mass of 1.7 Earth masses,[1] it is one of the least massive extrasolar planets discovered around a normal star, and relatively close in mass to Earth. It is also the exoplanet with the smallest accurate true mass known. At an orbital distance of just 0.03 AU (4,500,000 km) from its parent star, however, it orbits further in than the habitable zone. It is unlikely to possess an atmosphere due to its high temperature and strong radiation from the star. Although scientists think it probably has a rocky surface similar to Earth, it is also likely to experience intense tidal heating similar to (and likely more intense than) that affecting Jupiter's moon Io.[3] Gliese 581e completes an orbit around its parent star in approximately 3.15 days.[2][4][5]


    See also



    References


    1. Robertson, Paul; Mahadevan, Suvrath; Endl, Michael; Roy, Arpita (3 July 2014). "Stellar activity masquerading as planets in the habitable zone of the M dwarf Gliese 581". Science. 345 (6195): 440–444. arXiv:1407.1049. Bibcode:2014Sci...345..440R. doi:10.1126/science.1253253. PMID 24993348.
    2. Mayor, Michel; Bonfils, Xavier; Forveille, Thierry; et al. (2009). "The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets, XVIII. An Earth-mass planet in the GJ 581 planetary system" (PDF). Astronomy and Astrophysics. 507 (1): 487–494. arXiv:0906.2780. Bibcode:2009A&A...507..487M. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200912172. S2CID 2983930. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 May 2009.
    3. Barnes, Rory; Jackson, Brian; Greenberg, Richard; Raymond, Sean N. (2009-06-09). "Tidal Limits to Planetary Habitability". The Astrophysical Journal. 700 (1): L30–L33. arXiv:0906.1785. Bibcode:2009ApJ...700L..30B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/700/1/L30.
    4. Rincon, Paul; Amos, Jonathan (2009-04-21). "Lightest exoplanet is discovered". BBC. Retrieved 2009-04-21.
    5. Overbye, Dennis (April 21, 2009). "Astronomers Find Planet Closer to Size of Earth". New York Times.


    Media related to Gliese 581 e at Wikimedia Commons Discovery of smallest exoplanet yields 'extraordinary' find at Wikinews


    На других языках

    [de] Gliese 581 e

    Gliese 581 e (ausgesprochen: [ɡliːzə]) oder Gl 581 e ist einer von mindestens drei nachgewiesenen Exoplaneten (Gliese 581 b, c und e), der den Roten Zwerg Gliese 581 umkreist, welcher sich im Sternbild Waage befindet. Die Entfernung von der Erde beträgt ca. 20,5 Lichtjahre.[1][2][3][4]
    - [en] Gliese 581e

    [es] Gliese 581 e

    Gliese 581e es un exoplaneta (planeta por fuera del Sistema Solar) que se encuentra a aproximadamente 20 años luz, en la Constelación de Libra. Tiene unas 1.9 veces la masa de la Tierra, por lo que es uno de los exoplanetas descubierto más pequeño, con un tamaño bastante cercano al de la Tierra. Tiene una órbita muy cercana a su estrella madre, equivalente a 0.03 UA, lo que hace difícil que posea una atmósfera. Debido a esto, se encuentra fuera de la zona habitable de su sistema estelar, ya que la citada cercanía a su estrella hace que tenga temperaturas superiores a los 100ºC, las cuales hacen casi imposible la presencia de agua líquida, y por lo tanto de formas de vida que la requieran.[1][2] Gliese 581e completa una órbita a su estrella en aproximadamente 3,15 días.[1][2][3]

    [ru] Глизе 581 e

    Глизе 581 e (Gliese 581 e) — четвёртая по порядку открытия и ближайшая по расположению экзопланета в планетной системе звезды Глизе 581, находящейся на расстоянии около 20 световых лет от Земли в созвездии Весов. Масса не меньше 1,9 масс Земли.


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