astro.wikisort.org - ResearcherFrank Hsia-San Shu (Chinese: 徐遐生; Jyutping: Ceoi4 Haa4 Sang1; born June 2, 1943), is a Chinese-American astrophysicist, astronomer and author. He is currently a University Professor Emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley and University of California, San Diego.[2] He is best known for proposing the density wave theory to explain the structure of spiral galaxies, and for describing a model of star formation, where a giant dense molecular cloud collapses to form a star.[4]
American astrophysicist, astronomer and author
In this Chinese name, the family name is Shu.
Frank Shu |
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Born | (1943-06-02) June 2, 1943 (age 79)[1]
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Nationality | United States |
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Education | Massachusetts Institute of Technology (BSc) Harvard University (PhD) |
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Known for | Density wave theory Star formation |
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Awards | Helen B. Warner Prize for Astronomy Brouwer Award Dannie Heineman Prize for Astrophysics Shaw Prize in Astronomy Bruce Medal |
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Scientific career |
Fields | Astronomy |
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Institutions | Stony Brook University University of California, Berkeley National Tsing Hua University University of California, San Diego City University of Hong Kong |
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Thesis | The Dynamics and Large-Scale Structure of Spiral Galaxies (1968) |
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Doctoral advisor | Chia-Chiao Lin[3] |
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Other academic advisors | Max Krook |
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Doctoral students | Fred Adams Susana Lizano Eve Ostriker[3] |
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Frank Shu |
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| Traditional Chinese | 徐遐生 |
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Simplified Chinese | 徐遐生 |
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Transcriptions |
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Yale Romanization | Chèuih Hàh Sāng |
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Jyutping | Ceoi4 Haa4 Sang1 |
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Early life and education
Shu's hometown is Wenzhou, Zhejiang, but he was born in Kunming ,Yunnan, in 1943.[2] His father, Shu Shien-Siu,[5] was a mathematician and an instructor at the National Tsing Hua University, which, at that time due to World War II, was temporarily relocated to Kunming from Beijing. The senior Shu would serve as the President of the National Tsing Hua University from 1970 to 1975.[6] When Shu was 2 months old, his father went to the United States for study and, later, work. Shu and his family went to Taiwan through Hong Kong when he was 5 years old, stayed there for a year, and then traveled by steamship to the United States to re-unite with the senior Shu, who was working at the Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago.[2]
Shu completed his BSc in physics in 1963 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).[7] While at MIT, he worked one summer for Chia-Chiao Lin on the structure of spiral galaxies, and the experience made him interested in astrophysics. He later continued working with Lin for his PhD project, as Max Krook, his formal doctoral supervisor at Harvard University, gave him freedom in his PhD research.[2] He obtained his PhD from Harvard in 1968.[7]
Over his PhD study, he built on his undergraduate work and, together with Lin, proposed the density wave theory and published several articles explaining the structure of spiral galaxies.[8][9]
Career
After his PhD, Shu joined the Stony Brook University as an assistant professor, and was promoted to associate professor in 1971.[7] He moved to the University of California, Berkeley in 1973,[1] and became a full professor in 1976. He had a brief visit at the Institute for Advanced Study in 1982.[10] Between 1984 and 1988, he was the Chair, or Head, of the Department of Astronomy.[11]
From 1994 to 1996, Shu was also the President of the American Astronomical Society (AAS).[12]
Shu was named a University Professor of the University of California (UC) system in 1998, an honour that at the time was only endowed to 19 faculty members across the UC system.[13]
In 2002, Shu followed in his father's footsteps and went to Taiwan to take up the position of the President of the National Tsing Hua University,[5][14] returning to the United States and joining the University of California, San Diego as a distinguished professor in 2006.[7]
Shu officially retired in 2009, becoming a University Professor Emeritus of the UC system,[2] and a Distinguished Research Fellow at the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics (until 2015).[7]
Currently, Shu is also an Emeritus Senior Fellow at the Hong Kong Institute for Advanced Study of the City University of Hong Kong.[15]
Shu has written 3 textbooks: Physical Universe: An Introduction to Astronomy,[16] The Physics of Astrophysics Vol. I: Radiation[17] and The Physics of Astrophysics Vol. II: Gas Dynamics.[18]
Research
Shu is best known for his work in spiral galaxies and star formation. He, together with his PhD supervisor Chia-Chiao Lin, proposed the density wave theory to explain the structure of spiral galaxies.[8][9] In 1977, he published a model, known as the "inside-out" collapse model or the "singular isothermal sphere" model,[4] of star formation, whereby a star forms when a giant dense molecular cloud collapses.[19]
Honors and awards
- Helen B. Warner Prize for Astronomy (1977)[20]
- Member of the National Academy of Sciences (1987)[21]
- Academician of the Academia Sinica, Taiwan (1990)[22]
- Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1992)[23]
- Brouwer Award (1996)[24]
- Dannie Heineman Prize for Astrophysics (2000)[25]
- Member of the American Philosophical Society (2003)[26]
- Foreign Associate of the Royal Astronomical Society (2006)[22]
- Member of the The World Academy of Sciences (2006)[27]
- Centennial Medal, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University (2008)[28]
- Shaw Prize in Astronomy (2009)[29]
- Bruce Medal (2009)[1]
The main-belt asteroid 18238 Frankshu is named after Shu.[30]
References
- "Frank Hsia-San Shu". Sonoma State University. Archived from the original on June 30, 2022. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
- "Frank Shu". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on June 30, 2022. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
- "Frank Hsia-San Shu". Mathematics Genealogy Project. Archived from the original on June 30, 2022. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
- "Frank Shu". Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego. Archived from the original on June 30, 2022. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
- Normile, Dennis (2002). "Frank Shu Named University Head". Science. 295 (5554): 429. doi:10.1126/science.295.5554.429b. PMID 11799218. Archived from the original on June 30, 2022. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
- "Shien Siu Shu". Institute for Advanced Study. Archived from the original on June 30, 2022. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
- "Shu, Frank". Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics. Archived from the original on June 30, 2022. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
- Lin, C. C.; Shu, Frank H. (1964). "On the Spiral Structure of Disk Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 140: 646. Bibcode:1964ApJ...140..646L. doi:10.1086/147955. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
- Lin, C. C.; Shu, Frank H. (1966). "On the Spiral Structure of Disk Galaxies, II. Outline of a Theory of Density Waves". 55 (2): 229–234. Bibcode:1966PNAS...55..229L. doi:10.1073/pnas.55.2.229. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
- "Frank Shu". Institute for Advanced Study. Archived from the original on July 4, 2022. Retrieved July 4, 2022.
- "Past Department Chairs". Archived from the original on July 4, 2022. Retrieved July 4, 2022.
- "Past Officers and Trustees". American Astronomical Society. Archived from the original on July 4, 2022. Retrieved July 4, 2022.
- Sanders, Robert. "Frank Shu Named University Professor". University of California, Berkeley. Archived from the original on June 30, 2022. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
- Cyranoski, David (2002). "Astronomer set to star in Taiwan". Nature. 415 (6869): 250. doi:10.1038/415250b. PMID 11796971. Archived from the original on July 4, 2022. Retrieved July 4, 2022.
- "Professor Frank Shu". City University of Hong Kong. Archived from the original on July 1, 2022. Retrieved July 1, 2022.
- Shu, Frank H. (1982). The Physical Universe: An Introduction to Astronomy (PDF). University Science Books. Bibcode:1982phyn.book.....S. ISBN 9780935702057. Retrieved July 4, 2022.
- Shu, F. H. (1991). The Physics of Astrophysics. Volume 1: Radiation. University Science Books. Bibcode:1991pav..book.....S. ISBN 9781891389764. Retrieved July 4, 2022.
- Shu, F. H. (1992). The Physics of Astrophysics. Volume II: Gas dynamics. University Science Books. Bibcode:1992pavi.book.....S. ISBN 9781891389672. Retrieved July 4, 2022.
- Shu, F. H. (1977). "Self-similar collapse of isothermal spheres and star formation". Astrophysical Journal. 214: 488–497. Bibcode:1977ApJ...214..488S. doi:10.1086/155274.
- "Helen B. Warner Prize for Astronomy". American Astronomical Society. Archived from the original on July 4, 2022. Retrieved July 4, 2022.
- "Frank H. Shu". National Academy of Sciences. Archived from the original on July 4, 2022. Retrieved July 4, 2022.
- "Frank H. S. Shu". Academia Sinica. Archived from the original on July 4, 2022. Retrieved July 4, 2022.
- "Frank H. Shu". American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on July 4, 2022. Retrieved July 4, 2022.
- "1996 Brouwer Award Winner - Frank H. Shu". Division on Dynamical Astronomy, American Astronomical Society. Archived from the original on July 4, 2022. Retrieved July 4, 2022.
- "Former AAS President, Frank Shu, awarded Dannie Heineman Prize for 2000" (Press release). San Diego, California: American Institute of Physics. January 8, 2001. Archived from the original on September 20, 2010. Retrieved July 15, 2009.
- "Dr. Frank H. Shu". American Philosophical Society. Archived from the original on July 4, 2022. Retrieved July 4, 2022.
- "Shu, Frank Hsia-San". The World Academy of Sciences. Archived from the original on July 4, 2022. Retrieved July 4, 2022.
- "Past Centennial Medalists". Archived from the original on July 4, 2022. Retrieved July 4, 2022.
- "Frank H Shu". Shaw Prize. Archived from the original on June 30, 2022. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
- "(18238) Frankshu = 1241 T-2 = 1998 FP142 = T/1241 T-2". Minor Planet Center. Archived from the original on July 4, 2022. Retrieved July 4, 2022.
External links
- Frank Shu at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
Academic offices |
Preceded by Chung Laung Liu |
President of the National Tsing Hua University 2002–2006 |
Succeeded by Wen-Tsuen Chen |
Shaw Prize laureates |
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Astronomy | |
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Life science and medicine |
- Stanley Norman Cohen, Herbert Boyer, Kan Yuet-wai and Richard Doll (2004)
- Michael Berridge (2005)
- Xiaodong Wang (2006)
- Robert Lefkowitz (2007)
- Ian Wilmut, Keith Campbell and Shinya Yamanaka (2008)
- Douglas Coleman and Jeffrey Friedman (2009)
- David Julius (2010)
- Jules Hoffmann, Ruslan Medzhitov and Bruce Beutler (2011)
- Franz-Ulrich Hartl and Arthur Horwich (2012)
- Jeffrey Hall, Michael Rosbash and Michael Young (2013)
- Kazutoshi Mori and Peter Walter (2014)
- Bonnie Bassler and Everett Peter Greenberg (2015)
- Adrian Bird and Huda Zoghbi (2016)
- Ian R. Gibbons and Ronald Vale (2017)
- Mary-Claire King (2018)
- Maria Jasin (2019)
- Gero Miesenböck, Peter Hegemann and Georg Nagel (2020)
- Scott D. Emr (2021)
- Paul A. Negulescu and Michael J. Welsh (2022)
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Mathematical science |
- Shiing-Shen Chern (2004)
- Andrew Wiles (2005)
- David Mumford and Wu Wenjun (2006)
- Robert Langlands and Richard Taylor (2007)
- Vladimir Arnold and Ludvig Faddeev (2008)
- Simon Donaldson and Clifford Taubes (2009)
- Jean Bourgain (2010)
- Demetrios Christodoulou and Richard S. Hamilton (2011)
- Maxim Kontsevich (2012)
- David Donoho (2013)
- George Lusztig (2014)
- Gerd Faltings and Henryk Iwaniec (2015)
- Nigel Hitchin (2016)
- János Kollár and Claire Voisin (2017)
- Luis A. Caffarelli (2018)
- Michel Talagrand (2019)
- Alexander Beilinson and David Kazhdan (2020)
- Jean-Michel Bismut and Jeff Cheeger (2021)
- Noga Alon and Ehud Hrushovski (2022)
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На других языках
[de] Frank Shu
Frank Shu (chinesisch: 徐遐生) (* 2. Juni 1943 in Kunming) ist ein US-amerikanischer Astrophysiker chinesischer Abstammung.
- [en] Frank Shu
[it] Frank Shu
Frank Shu (in lingua cinese: 徐遐生; Kunming, 1943) è un astrofisico cinese.
[ru] Шу, Фрэнк
Фрэнк Шу (кит. трад. 徐遐生, пиньинь Xú Xiáshēng, палл. Сюй Сяшэн, р. 1943) — американский астрофизик китайского происхождения.
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