astro.wikisort.org - Researcher

John Cromwell Mather (born August 7, 1946, Roanoke, Virginia) is an American astrophysicist, cosmologist and Nobel Prize in Physics laureate for his work on the Cosmic Background Explorer Satellite (COBE) with George Smoot.

John Cromwell Mather
Mather in 2015
Born	(1946-08-07) August 7, 1946 (age 76) Roanoke, Virginia, U.S.
Alma mater	Swarthmore College University of California, Berkeley
Known for	Cosmic microwave background radiation studies
Awards	Dannie Heineman Prize for Astrophysics (1993) Nobel Prize in Physics (2006)
Scientific career
Fields	Astrophysics, cosmology
Institutions	NASA University of Maryland Columbia University
Doctoral advisor	Paul L. Richards
Signature

This work helped cement the big-bang theory of the universe. According to the Nobel Prize committee, "the COBE-project can also be regarded as the starting point for cosmology as a precision science."[1]

Mather is a senior astrophysicist at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) in Maryland and adjunct professor of physics at the University of Maryland College of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences. In 2007, Time magazine listed Mather among the 100 Most Influential People in The World. In October 2012, he was listed again by Time magazine in a special issue on New Space Discoveries as one of the 25 most influential people in space.

Mather is one of the 20 American recipients of the Nobel Prize in Physics to sign a letter addressed to President George W. Bush in May 2008, urging him to "reverse the damage done to basic science research in the Fiscal Year 2008 Omnibus Appropriations Bill" by requesting additional emergency funding for the Department of Energy's Office of Science, the National Science Foundation, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology.[2]

Mather is also the senior project scientist for the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), a space telescope launched to Lagrange point L2 on December 25, 2021.

In 2014, Mather delivered an address on the James Webb Space Telescope at the second Starmus Festival in the Canary Islands.

Education and initial research

Part of a series on
Physical cosmology
Big Bang · Universe Age of the universe Chronology of the universe
Early universe Inflation · Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB) · Neutrino (CNB)
Expansion · Future Hubble's law · Redshift Metric expansion of space FLRW metric · Friedmann equations Inhomogeneous cosmology Future of an expanding universe Ultimate fate of the universe
Components · Structure Components Lambda-CDM model Dark energy · Dark fluid · Dark matter Structure Shape of the universe Galaxy filament · Galaxy formation Large quasar group Large-scale structure Reionization · Structure formation
Experiments Black Hole Initiative (BHI) BOOMERanG Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) Dark Energy Survey Illustris project Planck space observatory Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey ("2dF") Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP)
Scientists Aaronson Alfvén Alpher Bharadwaj Copernicus de Sitter Dicke Ehlers Einstein Ellis Friedmann Galileo Gamow Guth Hawking Hubble Kepler Lemaître Mather Newton Penrose Penzias Rubin Schmidt Smoot Suntzeff Sunyaev Tolman Wilson Zeldovich List of cosmologists
Subject history Discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation History of the Big Bang theory Religious interpretations of the Big Bang theory Timeline of cosmological theories
Category  Astronomy portal
v t e

• 1964 Newton High School, Newton, New Jersey[3]
• 1968 B.Sc. (Physics), Swarthmore College (Highest Honors)
• 1974 Ph.D. (Physics), University of California, Berkeley
• 1974-1976 (NRC Postdoctoral Fellow), Columbia University Goddard Institute for Space Studies

Honors and awards

Publications

• Mather, J. C. "Far Infrared Spectrometry of the Cosmic Background Radiation", University of California Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, United States Department of Energy (through predecessor agency the Atomic Energy Commission), (Jan. 1974).
• Mather, J. C.; Albrecht, A.; et al. "Report of the Dark Energy Task Force", Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, (2006).
• Mather, J. C.;Boslough, John; the very first light; 1996,2008 Basic Books

Appearances

Mather is the Science Director of the National Academy of Future Scientists and Technologists.

References

External links

• Media related to John C. Mather at Wikimedia Commons

На других языках

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[de] John Cromwell Mather

John Cromwell Mather (* 7. August 1946 in Roanoke, Virginia) ist ein amerikanischer Astrophysiker. Mather hat sein ganzes Berufsleben bei der NASA gearbeitet. Zuletzt forschte er am Goddard Space Flight Center (seit 1993 als Senior Astrophysicist) der NASA und war ab 2007 Chief Scientist im Science Mission Directorate des NASA Hauptquartiers.

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- [en] John C. Mather

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[ru] Мазер, Джон (физик)

Джон Кромвелл Ма́зер (англ. John Cromwell Mather; род. 7 августа 1946, Роанок, Виргиния) — американский физик, лауреат Нобелевской премии по физике в 2006 году (совместно с Джорджем Смутом) «за открытие анизотропии и чёрнотельной структуры энергетического спектра реликтового излучения». Работал в NASA в центре космических полётов имени Годдарда. Ведущий научный сотрудник космического телескопа имени Джеймса Уэбба.

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