List of nearest known black holes - Star

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This list contains known black holes relatively near the Solar System (within the Milky Way galaxy) compared to other known black holes.

Most black holes are thought to be solitary and not in a binary (or more) system. However, it is nearly impossible to detect such a black hole except by measuring its gravitational distortions of the light from more distant objects. Black holes in binary systems, despite constituting a minority of all black holes, are much easier to detect.[1] Therefore, solitary black holes would only be detectable by gravitational lensing. As of February 2022, only one isolated black hole has been detected, around 5,200 light-years away.[2]

For comparison, the nearest star to the Sun is about 4.24 light years away and the Milky Way galaxy is approximately 105000 light years in diameter.

List

Distance		System					Component			Notes and additional references
(ly)	(kpc)	Designation	Description	Right ascension[3] (Epoch J2000.0)	Declination[3] (Epoch J2000.0)	Discovery date[4]	Designation	Stellar class	Mass (M☉)	Notes and additional references
960±80	0.29±0.03	V Puppis	Proposed trinary system, composed of a binary with orbit t=1.4544859 d, black hole orbits binary with orbit t=5.47 yr	07^h 58^m 14.439^s	−49° 14′ 41.68″	2008	Aa	B1V	14	BH tertiary reported by.[5] Follow-up by[6] failed to confirm its presence.
							Ab	B3V	7.3
							B	BH	10.4
1,555.8	0.477	Gaia BH1 (TIC 125470397)	Binary system with orbit t=185.63 d and eccentricity e=0.45[7]	17^h 28^m 41.09^s	−00° 34′ 51.93″	2022	A	BH	9.78	[7]
1,555.8	0.477	Gaia BH1 (TIC 125470397)		17^h 28^m 41.09^s	−00° 34′ 51.93″	2022	B	G	0.93	[7]
3000±300	0.92±0.9	A0620-00 (V616 Mon)	Binary star system with orbit t=7.75 h	06^h 22^m 44.503^s[8]	−00° 20′ 44.72″[8]	1986	A	BH	11.0±1.9	Low-mass X-ray binary
3000±300	0.92±0.9	A0620-00 (V616 Mon)	Binary star system with orbit t=7.75 h	06^h 22^m 44.503^s[8]	−00° 20′ 44.72″[8]	1986	B	K[9]	0.5±0.3
3,796.2	1.164	Gaia DR2 5870569352746779008	Binary system with orbit t=1352.25 d and eccentricity e=0.5324[10]	13^h 50^m 16.728^s	−59° 14′ 20.42″	2022	A	BH	>5.25	candidate,[7] total system mass is 6.7 MSol[7]
3,796.2	1.164	Gaia DR2 5870569352746779008		13^h 50^m 16.728^s	−59° 14′ 20.42″	2022	B	K III	? (2.602 from Gaia, likely false)	candidate,[7] total system mass is 6.7 MSol[7]
5150±590	1.58±0.18	MOA-2011-BLG-191 or OGLE-2011-BLG-0462	Isolated black hole detected by microlensing	17^h 51^m 40.2082^s	−29° 53′ 26.50″	2022		BH	7.1±1.3	First black hole detected by microlensing[2]
5400+6900 −1900	1.7±1.4	GRS 1124-683 (GU Muscae)	Binary star system with orbit t=10.38 h	11^h 26^m 26.60^s	−68° 40′ 32.3″	1991 Jan 20	A	BH	6.95±1.1	Black hole candidate
5400+6900 −1900	1.7±1.4	GRS 1124-683 (GU Muscae)	Binary star system with orbit t=10.38 h	11^h 26^m 26.60^s	−68° 40′ 32.3″	1991 Jan 20	B	K	0.9±0.3
5720±300	1.7±0.1	XTE J1118+480		11^h 18^m 11^s	48° 02′ 13″	2000	A	BH	6–6.5
5720±300	1.7±0.1	XTE J1118+480		11^h 18^m 11^s	48° 02′ 13″	2000	B	M	0.2
6000±375[11]	1.86 ± 0.12[11]	Cygnus X-1 (Cyg X-1)	Binary star system with orbit t=5.6 d	19^h 58^m 21.676^s[12]	+35° 12′ 05.78″[12]	1971 April–May	Cyg X-1	BH	15±1	The first X-ray source widely accepted to be a black hole.
6000±375[11]	1.86 ± 0.12[11]	Cygnus X-1 (Cyg X-1)	Binary star system with orbit t=5.6 d	19^h 58^m 21.676^s[12]	+35° 12′ 05.78″[12]	1971 April–May	HDE 226868	O[13]	30±10
7800±460	2.39±0.14	V404 Cygni	Binary star system with orbit t=6.5 d	20^h 24^m 03.83^s[14]	+33° 52′ 02.2″[14]	1989 May 22	A	BH	9	The first black hole to have an accurate parallax measurement for its distance from our solar system
7800±460	2.39±0.14	V404 Cygni	Binary star system with orbit t=6.5 d	20^h 24^m 03.83^s[14]	+33° 52′ 02.2″[14]	1989 May 22	B	K[3]	0.7	Early K giant star
8100±1000	2.49±0.30	GRO J0422+32	Binary star system with orbit t=5.09 h	04^h 21^m 42.723^s	+32° 54′ 26.94″	1992 Aug 5	A	BH	3.97±0.95	May be a massive neutron star
8100±1000	2.49±0.30	GRO J0422+32	Binary star system with orbit t=5.09 h	04^h 21^m 42.723^s	+32° 54′ 26.94″	1992 Aug 5	B	M1	0.5±0.1
8800±2300	2.7±0.7	GS 2000+25		20^h 02^m 50^s	+25° 14′ 11″	1988	A	BH	7.5
8800±2300	2.7±0.7	GS 2000+25		20^h 02^m 50^s	+25° 14′ 11″	1988	B	M	0.5
11100±700	3.4±0.2	Cygnus X-3	Binary star system with orbit t=4.8 h	20^h 32^m 25.766^s	+40° 57′ 28.26″	1967	Cyg X-3	BH	2.4+2.1 −1.1 [15]
11100±700	3.4±0.2	Cygnus X-3	Binary star system with orbit t=4.8 h	20^h 32^m 25.766^s	+40° 57′ 28.26″	1967	V1521 Cyg	WN	10.3+3.9 −2.8 [15]
11900±3600	3.7±1.1	GRO J1655-40	Binary star system with orbit t = 2.6 d	16^h 54^m 00.137^s	−39° 50′ 44.90″	1994	A	BH	5.31±0.07
11900±3600	3.7±1.1	GRO J1655-40	Binary star system with orbit t = 2.6 d	16^h 54^m 00.137^s	−39° 50′ 44.90″	1994	V1033 Sco	F5IV	1.9±0.3
25600±600	7.86±0.2	Sagittarius A*	Supermassive black hole	17^h 45^m 40.0409^s	−29° 0′ 28.118″	1974		BH	4154000 ± 14000	Center of galaxy
29700±2700	9.1±0.8	4U 1543-475	Binary star system with orbit t = 26.8 h	15^h 47^m 08.277^s	−47° 40′ 10.28″	1971	A	BH	9.4±2.0	Estimated 7.5±1.0 kpc away before Gaia ^{[clarification needed]}
29700±2700	9.1±0.8	4U 1543-475	Binary star system with orbit t = 26.8 h	15^h 47^m 08.277^s	−47° 40′ 10.28″	1971	B	A2V	2.7±1.0

References

"ESO Instrument Finds Closest Black Hole to Earth". European Southern Observatory. May 6, 2020.
Kailash Sahu; et al. (Jan 31, 2022). "An Isolated Stellar-Mass Black Hole Detected Through Astrometric Microlensing" (PDF). arXiv:2201.13296. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help) Accepted for publication in ApJ.
"The One Hundred Nearest Star Systems". Research Consortium on Nearby Stars. GSU. 2007-09-17. Retrieved 2007-11-06.
Before 1900: earliest certain recorded observation. 1900–1930: first catalogued. After 1930: earliest trigonometric or spectroscopic parallax.
Qian, S. -B.; Liao, W. -P.; Fernández Lajús, E. (2008-11-01). "Evidence of a Massive Black Hole Companion in the Massive Eclipsing Binary V Puppis". The Astrophysical Journal. 687 (1): 466–470. arXiv:0806.4944. Bibcode:2008ApJ...687..466Q. doi:10.1086/591515. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 380178.
Budding, E.; Love, T.; Blackford, M. G.; Banks, T.; Rhodes, M. J. (2021-04-01). "Absolute parameters of young stars: V puppis". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 502 (4): 6032–6043. arXiv:2102.00362. Bibcode:2021MNRAS.502.6032B. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab381. ISSN 0035-8711.
El-Badry, Kareem; Rix, Hans-Walter; Quataert, Eliot; Howard, Andrew W.; Isaacson, Howard; Fuller, Jim; Hawkins, Keith; Breivik, Katelyn; Wong, Kaze W. K.; Rodriguez, Antonio C.; Conroy, Charlie; Shahaf, Sahar; Mazeh, Tsevi; Arenou, Frédéric; Burdge, Kevin B. (2022-09-01). "A Sun-like star orbiting a black hole". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
Liu, Q. (July 2007), "A Catalogue of low-mass X-ray binaries in the Galaxy, LMC, and SMC (Fourth edition)", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 469 (2): 807–810, arXiv:0707.0544, Bibcode:2007A&A...469..807L, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20077303, S2CID 14673570
Yungelson, L. (May 2008), "Evolution of low-mass binaries with black-hole components", New Astronomy Reviews, 51 (10–12): 860–868, arXiv:0801.3433, Bibcode:2008NewAR..51..860Y, doi:10.1016/j.newar.2008.03.017, S2CID 11830754
Tanikawa, Ataru; Hattori, Kohei; Kawanaka, Norita; Kinugawa, Tomoya; Shikauchi, Minori; Tsuna, Daichi (2022-09-01). "Search for a Black Hole Binary in Gaia DR3 Astrometric Binary Stars with Spectroscopic Data". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
Reid, M. (December 2011), "The Trigonometric Parallax of Cygnus X-1", The Astrophysical Journal, 742 (2): 83–88, arXiv:1106.3688, Bibcode:2011ApJ...742...83R, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/742/2/83, S2CID 18444168
van Leeuwen, F. (November 2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 474 (2): 653–664, arXiv:0708.1752, Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357, S2CID 18759600
Sota, A. (April 2011), "The Galactic O-Star Spectroscopic Survey. I. Classification System and Bright Northern Stars in the Blue-violet at R ~ 2500", The Astrophysical Journal Supplement, 193 (2): 24–74, arXiv:1101.4002, Bibcode:2011ApJS..193...24S, doi:10.1088/0067-0049/193/2/24, S2CID 119248206
Cutri, Roc M.; Skrutskie, Michael F.; Van Dyk, Schuyler D.; Beichman, Charles A.; Carpenter, John M.; Chester, Thomas; Cambresy, Laurent; Evans, Tracey E.; Fowler, John W.; Gizis, John E.; Howard, Elizabeth V.; Huchra, John P.; Jarrett, Thomas H.; Kopan, Eugene L.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Light, Robert M.; Marsh, Kenneth A.; McCallon, Howard L.; Schneider, Stephen E.; Stiening, Rae; Sykes, Matthew J.; Weinberg, Martin D.; Wheaton, William A.; Wheelock, Sherry L.; Zacarias, N. (2003). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)". CDS/ADC Collection of Electronic Catalogues. 2246: II/246. Bibcode:2003yCat.2246....0C.
Zdziarski, A. A.; Mikolajewska, J.; Belczynski, K. (2013). "Cyg X-3: A low-mass black hole or a neutron star". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 429: L104–L108. arXiv:1208.5455. Bibcode:2013MNRAS.429L.104Z. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/sls035.

v t e Black holes
Outline
Types	BTZ black hole Schwarzschild Rotating Charged Virtual Kugelblitz Supermassive Primordial Stupendously large Direct collapse Rogue Malament-Hogarth spacetime
Size	Micro Extremal Electron Stellar Microquasar Intermediate-mass Supermassive Ultramassive Stupendously large Active galactic nucleus Quasar LQG Blazar OVV Radio-Quiet Radio-Loud
Formation	Stellar evolution Gravitational collapse Neutron star Related links Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff limit White dwarf Related links Supernova Micronova Hypernova Related links Gamma-ray burst Binary black hole Quark star Quasi-star Dark matter star X-ray binary
Properties	Gravitational singularity Ring singularity Theorems Event horizon Photon sphere Innermost stable circular orbit Ergosphere Penrose process Blandford–Znajek process Accretion disk Hawking radiation Gravitational lens Microlens Bondi accretion M–sigma relation Quasi-periodic oscillation Thermodynamics Bekenstein bound Bousso's holographic bound Immirzi parameter Schwarzschild radius Spaghettification
Issues	Black hole complementarity Information paradox Cosmic censorship ER = EPR Final parsec problem Firewall (physics) Holographic principle No-hair theorem
Metrics	Schwarzschild (Derivation) Kerr Reissner–Nordström Kerr–Newman Hayward
Alternatives	Nonsingular black hole models Black star Dark star Dark-energy star Gravastar Magnetospheric eternally collapsing object Planck star Q star Fuzzball
Analogs	Optical black hole Sonic black hole
Lists	Black holes Most massive Nearest Quasars Microquasars
Related	Outline of black holes Black Hole Initiative Black hole starship Big Bang Big Bounce Compact star Exotic star Quark star Preon star Gravitational waves Gamma-ray burst progenitors Gravity well Hypercompact stellar system Membrane paradigm Naked singularity Quasi-star Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer Superluminal motion Timeline of black hole physics White hole Wormhole Tidal disruption event Planet Nine
Notable	Cygnus X-1 XTE J1650-500 XTE J1118+480 A0620-00 SDSS J150243.09+111557.3 Sagittarius A* Centaurus A Phoenix Cluster PKS 1302-102 OJ 287 SDSS J0849+1114 TON 618 MS 0735.6+7421 NeVe 1 Hercules A 3C 273 Q0906+6930 Markarian 501 ULAS J1342+0928 PSO J030947.49+271757.31 P172+18
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В списке представлены чёрные дыры, находящиеся относительно близко к Солнцу в пределах Млечного Пути. Для сравнения, расстояние до ближайшей к Солнцу звезды — Проксимы Центавра — около 4,24 световых лет, а диаметр Млечного Пути оценивается в 100 000 световых лет.

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References

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