astro.wikisort.org - Comet

C/1980 E1 is a non-periodic comet discovered by Edward L. G. Bowell on 11 February 1980 and which came closest to the Sun (perihelion) in March 1982. It is leaving the Solar System on a hyperbolic trajectory due to a close approach to Jupiter. In the 42 years since its discovery only two objects with higher eccentricities have been identified, 1I/ʻOumuamua (1.2) and 2I/Borisov (3.35) .[3][4]

C/1980 E1 (Bowell)

Hyperbolic path with annual motion
Discovery
Discovered by	Edward L. G. Bowell
Discovery date	11 February 1980
Alternative designations	C/1980 E1
Orbital characteristics A
Epoch	JD 2444972.5 (3 January 1982)
Observation arc	6.88 years
Aphelion	~75000 AU (inbound)[1]
Perihelion	3.3639 AU[2]
Eccentricity	1.057[2] (hyperbolic trajectory) 1.053 (epoch 1984+)[1]
Orbital period	~7.1 million years (epoch 1950)[1] Ejection (epoch 1977+)[1]
Inclination	1.6617°
Last perihelion	12 March 1982[2]

Overview

Before entering the inner Solar System for a 1982 perihelion passage, C/1980 E1 had a barycentric (epoch 1950-Jan-01) orbit with an aphelion of 75,000 AU (1.2 ly), and a period of approximately 7.1 million years.[1]

As the comet was approaching on 9 December 1980, it passed within 0.228 AU of Jupiter,[5] which accelerated the comet briefly giving an (epoch 1981-Jan-09) eccentricity of 1.066.[1] The comet came to perihelion on 12 March 1982,[2] when it had a velocity of 23.3 km/s (52,000 mph) with respect to the Sun. Since the epoch of 1977-Mar-04, C/1980 E1 has had a barycentric eccentricity greater than 1,[1] keeping it on a hyperbolic trajectory that will eject it from the Solar System. Objects in hyperbolic orbits have a negative semimajor axis, giving them a positive orbital energy. After leaving the Solar System, C/1980 E1 will have an interstellar velocity (${\displaystyle v_{\infty }}$) of 3.77 km/s.[lower-alpha 1] The Minor Planet Center does not directly list a semimajor axis for this comet.[6]

The escape velocity from the Sun at Neptune's orbit is 7.7 km/s. By June 1995, the comet was passing Neptune's orbit at 30.1 AU from the Sun continuing its ejection trajectory at 8.6 km/s.[7] Since February 2008, the comet has been more than 50 AU from the Sun.[8]

Emission of OH (hydroxide) was observed pre-perihelion while the comet was nearly 5 AU from the Sun.[9] CN (cyanide) was not detected until the comet was near perihelion. The comet nucleus was estimated to have a radius of several kilometers. The surface crust was probably a few meters thick.

See also

• List of Solar System objects by greatest aphelion
• List of hyperbolic comets
• List of non-periodic comets
• List of periodic comets
• 1I/ʻOumuamua

Notes

References

External links

• C/1980 E1 at the JPL Small-Body Database
  • Close approach · Discovery · Ephemeris · Orbit diagram · Orbital elements · Physical parameters

На других языках

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[de] C/1980 E1 (Bowell)

C/1980 E1 (Bowell) ist ein Komet, der ab 1980 über einen Zeitraum von fast sieben Jahren mit Teleskopen beobachtet werden konnte. Der Komet erfuhr bei seinem Flug durch das Sonnensystem sehr starke Beeinflussungen durch die Anziehungskräfte der Planeten, so dass er das Sonnensystem auf einer ungewöhnlich stark hyperbolisch geformten Bahn verlassen wird.

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- [en] C/1980 E1 (Bowell)

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[ru] C/1980 E1

C/1980 E1 — непериодическая комета, открытая Эдвардом Боуэллом 11 февраля 1980 года и наиболее близко подошедшая к Солнцу (перигелий) 12 марта 1982 года. Она покидает Солнечную систему по гиперболической траектории из-за тесного сближения с Юпитером. С момента её открытия только 1I/Оумуамуа и 2I/Борисова были идентифицированы как движущиеся по такой траектории с большей скоростью[1][2].

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