astro.wikisort.org - Comet

10P/Tempel, also known as Tempel 2, is a periodic Jupiter-family comet with a 5 year orbital period. It was discovered on July 4, 1873 by Wilhelm Tempel.[7] The next perihelion passage is 24 March 2021 when the comet will have a solar elongation of 30 degrees at approximately apparent magnitude 11.[4] Closest approach to Earth during the 2021 passage did not occur until many months later on 3 November 2021 at a distance of 1.6 AU (240 million km).[8]

10P/Tempel

Discovery
Discovered by	Ernst Wilhelm Leberecht Tempel[1]
Discovery date	July 4, 1873
Alternative designations	1873 II; 1878 III; 1894 III; 1899 IV; 1904 III; 1915 I; 1920 II; 1925 IV; 1930 VII; 1946 III; 1951 VIII; 1957 II; 1962 VI; 1967 X; 1972 X; 1978 V; 1983 X; 1988 XIV; 1994 VII;
Orbital characteristics A
Epoch	December 4, 2015 (JD 2457360.5)
Aphelion	4.711 AU
Perihelion	1.4176 AU
Semi-major axis	3.064 AU
Eccentricity	0.53736
Orbital period	5.36 yr
Inclination	12.028°
Earth MOID	0.41 AU (61 million km)
Dimensions	10.6 km[1]
Last perihelion	24 March 2021[2] 14 November 2015[2][3] 4 July 2010[4][5]
Next perihelion	2026-Aug-02[2][6]

The comet nucleus is estimated to be roughly the size of Halley's Comet at 10.6 kilometers in diameter with a low albedo of 0.022.[1] The nucleus is dark because hydrocarbons on the surface have been converted to a dark, tar like substance by solar ultraviolet radiation. The nucleus is large enough that even near aphelion (furthest distance from the Sun which is near the orbit of Jupiter) the comet remains brighter than about magnitude 21.

During the 2010 apparition the comet brightened to about apparent magnitude 8.[4] The most favorable apparition of 10P/Tempel 2 was in 1925 when it came within 0.35 AU (52 million km; 33 million mi) of Earth with an apparent magnitude of 6.5.[7] On August 3, 2026, comet Tempel 2 will have another close pass within about 0.41 AU (61 million km; 38 million mi) of Earth.[1]

Proposed exploration

The Jet Propulsion Laboratory proposed a flyby of the comet with a flight spare of Mariner 4.[9] The probe was instead used for a venus flyby as Mariner 5.[9]

References

External links

• Orbital simulation from JPL (Java) / Horizons Ephemeris
• Elements and Ephemeris for 10P/Tempel – Minor Planet Center
• 10P/Tempel 2 / 2010 – Seiichi Yoshida @ aerith.net
• 10P/Tempel 2 (2010) (astrosurf)

Numbered comets
Previous 9P/Tempel	10P/Tempel	Next 11P/Tempel–Swift–LINEAR

На других языках

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[de] 10P/Tempel 2

10P/Tempel 2 ist ein am 4. Juli 1873 von Ernst Wilhelm Leberecht Tempel entdeckter kurzperiodischer Komet.

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- [en] 10P/Tempel

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[ru] 10P/Темпеля

Комета Темпеля 2 (10P/Tempel) — короткопериодическая комета из семейства Юпитера, которая была открыта 4 июля 1873 года немецким астрономом Эрнстом Темпелем в обсерватории Брера, когда комета медленно двигалась по созвездию Рыб. Она была описана как слабый диффузный объект, с диаметром комы в 5 ' угловых минут. К концу июля комета достигла максимальной яркости и начала постепенно угасать по мере удалении от Земли и Солнца. Комета обладает довольно коротким периодом обращения вокруг Солнца — чуть более 5,3 года.

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