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ROXs 12 is a binary system of pre-main-sequence stars. It belongs to the Rho Ophiuchi cloud complex.[4] The surface temperature of the primary star is 3900±100 K.[3] ROXs 12 is much younger than the Sun with an age of 7.6+4.1
−2.5 million years.[4]

ROXs 12
Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation Scorpius
Right ascension 16h 26m 28.0400s[1]
Declination −25° 26′ 47.7168″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 14.29
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage pre-main-sequence star
Spectral type M0e[1]
Astrometry
Proper motion (μ) RA: -6.858[2] mas/yr
Dec.: -24.815[2] mas/yr
Parallax (π)7.2170 ± 0.0172 mas[2]
Distance452 ± 1 ly
(138.6 ± 0.3 pc)
Details[3]
ROXs 12
Mass0.65+0.05
−0.09 M☉
Radius1.14±0.07 R☉
Temperature3900±100 K
Rotation9.1±0.4 d
Age7.6+4.1
−2.5 Myr
2MASS J16262774–2527247
Mass0.535+0.006
−0.007 M☉
Radius1.17+0.06
−0.04 R☉
Luminosity0.24+0.05
−0.04 L☉
Surface gravity (log g)3.6+0.6
−0.7 cgs
Temperature3746+139
−122 K
Other designations
WDS J16265-2527[1]
ROXs 12: 2MASS J16262803-2526477, DENIS J162628.0-252647
2MASS J16262774–2527247: DENIS J162627.7-252724
Database references
SIMBADROXs 12
ROXs 12b
2MASS J16262774–2527247

A multiplicity survey detected a stellar companion to ROXs 12 in 2017, named 2MASS J16262774–2527247,[5] at a projected separation of 5100 AU.[6]


Planetary system


In 2005, one planet was discovered on a wide orbit by direct imaging,[7] was confirmed in 2013 and named ROXs 12 b.[4] The planet's measured temperature is 3100+400
−500 K.[6]

The primary star is surrounded by a protoplanetary disk, although it is not very massive, being less than 4 MJ.[4] The secondary star also has a protoplanetary disk, and it is much more massive, equal to 10-1.07+0.49
−0.87M☉. The disk is inclined to the equatorial plane of the star.[5]

The ROXs 12 planetary system[5]
Companion
(in order from star)		 Mass Semimajor axis
(AU)		 Orbital period
(days)		 Eccentricity Inclination Radius
Protoplanetary or debris disk  ? AU — —
b [fr] 16±4 MJ 210±20 — ~0 — —
The 2MASS J16262774–2527247 planetary system[5]
Companion
(in order from star)		 Mass Semimajor axis
(AU)		 Orbital period
(days)		 Eccentricity Inclination Radius
Protoplanetary disk 4.1–25.8[5] AU — —

References


  1. "ROXs 12". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2021-02-18.
  2. Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2021). "Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 649: A1. arXiv:2012.01533. Bibcode:2021A&A...649A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657. S2CID 227254300. (Erratum: doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657e). Gaia EDR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  3. Bowler, Brendan P.; Kraus, Adam L.; Bryan, Marta L.; Knutson, Heather A.; Brogi, Matteo; Rizzuto, Aaron C.; Mace, Gregory N.; Vanderburg, Andrew; Liu, Michael C.; Hillenbrand, Lynne A.; Cieza, Lucas A. (2017), "The young substellar companion ROXs 12 B: near-infrared spectrum, system architecture, and spin-orbit misalignment", The Astronomical Journal, 154 (4): 165, arXiv:1708.07611, Bibcode:2017AJ....154..165B, doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa88bd, S2CID 119187671
  4. Kraus, Adam L.; Ireland, Michael J.; Cieza, Lucas A.; Hinkley, Sasha; Dupuy, Trent J.; Bowler, Brendan P.; Liu, Michael C. (2013), "Three Wide Planetary-Mass Companions to FW Tau, ROXs 12, and ROXs 42B", The Astrophysical Journal, 781: 20, arXiv:1311.7664, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/781/1/20, S2CID 41086512
  5. Sheehan, Patrick D.; Wu, Ya-Lin; Eisner, Josh A.; Tobin, John J. (2019), "High Precision Dynamical Masses of Pre-Main Sequence Stars with ALMA and Gaia", The Astrophysical Journal, 874 (2): 136, arXiv:1903.00032, Bibcode:2019ApJ...874..136S, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab09f9, S2CID 119218828
  6. Wu, Ya-Lin; Bowler, Brendan P.; Sheehan, Patrick D.; Andrews, Sean M.; Herczeg, Gregory J.; Kraus, Adam L.; Ricci, Luca; Wilner, David J.; Zhu, Zhaohuan (2020), "ALMA 0.88 mm survey of disks around planetary-mass companions", The Astronomical Journal, 159 (5): 229, arXiv:2003.08658, Bibcode:2020AJ....159..229W, doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab818c, S2CID 213004809
  7. Ratzka, T.; Köhler, R.; Leinert, Ch. (2005), "A Multiplicity Survey of the Rho Ophiuchi Molecular Clouds", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 437 (2): 611–626, arXiv:astro-ph/0504593, Bibcode:2005A&A...437..611R, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20042107, S2CID 119464112



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