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Teide 1 was the first brown dwarf to be verified, in 1995.[7] It is located in the Pleiades open star cluster, approximately 400 light-years (120 pc) from Earth.

Teide 1

Estimated relative size of the planet Jupiter and the brown dwarfs WISE 1828+2650, Gliese 229B, and Teide 1 compared to the Sun and a red dwarf.
Credit: MPIA/V. Joergens.
Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation Taurus
Right ascension 3h 47m 17.925s[1]
Declination +24° 22′ 31.71″[1]
Characteristics
Spectral type M8[2]
Apparent magnitude (J) 16.215[1]
Apparent magnitude (H) 15.591[1]
Apparent magnitude (K) 15.096[1]
Astrometry
Proper motion (μ) RA: 21.681±2.695[3] mas/yr
Dec.: −43.254±1.485[3] mas/yr
Parallax (π)7.5777 ± 1.7015 mas[3]
Distanceapprox. 430 ly
(approx. 130 pc)
Details
Mass57 ± 15[4] MJup
Radius0.9078[4] RJup
Luminosity0.0008–0.0005[5] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)6.6[citation needed] cgs
Temperature2,584 ± 150[6] K
Age0.12[citation needed] Gyr
Other designations
Melotte 22 Teide 1, Melotte 22 BPL 137, Melotte 22 NPL 39, EPIC 211088076, 2MASS J03471792+2422317, Gaia DR2 66734514652754688[2]
Database references
SIMBADdata

This object is more massive than a planet (57 ± 15 MJ),[6] but less massive than a star (0.0544 MSun). The radius of the brown dwarf is about that of Jupiter. Its surface temperature is 2,600 ± 150 K,[6] which is about half that of the Sun. Its luminosity is 0.08–0.05% of that of the Sun.[5] Its age is only 120 million years compared to the Sun's age of 4.68 billion years.


Discovery


Teide 1 was detected by Rafael Rebolo López, María R. Zapatero-Osorio and Eduardo L. Martín in optical images obtained in January 1994 with the 0.80 meter diameter telescope (IAC-80) from the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, located at the Teide Observatory on the island of Tenerife. Its cold nature was confirmed in December 1994 with the William Herschel telescope (WHT) of the Roque de los Muchachos observatory in La Palma. On May 22, 1995, the article reporting their discovery was submitted to the journal Nature, which published it on September 14, 1995. Meanwhile, a similar object, Calar 3, was discovered. The brown dwarf nature of Teide 1 and Calar 3 was confirmed in 1996 following spectroscopic observations with the 10-meter diameter telescope of the W. M. Keck observatory of Mauna Kea on the island of Hawaii.


Characteristics


Teide 1 is a brown dwarf of spectral type M8 whose luminosity (log L / L☉) is approximately -3.24 ± 0.04 dex and the effective temperature is approximately 2 584 ± 100 K. Its mass is approximately 0.052 solar mass.




References


  1. Cutri, Roc M.; Skrutskie, Michael F.; Van Dyk, Schuyler D.; Beichman, Charles A.; Carpenter, John M.; Chester, Thomas; Cambresy, Laurent; Evans, Tracey E.; Fowler, John W.; Gizis, John E.; Howard, Elizabeth V.; Huchra, John P.; Jarrett, Thomas H.; Kopan, Eugene L.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Light, Robert M.; Marsh, Kenneth A.; McCallon, Howard L.; Schneider, Stephen E.; Stiening, Rae; Sykes, Matthew J.; Weinberg, Martin D.; Wheaton, William A.; Wheelock, Sherry L.; Zacarias, N. (2003). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)". CDS/ADC Collection of Electronic Catalogues. 2246: II/246. Bibcode:2003yCat.2246....0C.
  2. "2MASS J03471792+2422317". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg.
  3. Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2021). "Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 649: A1. arXiv:2012.01533. Bibcode:2021A&A...649A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657. S2CID 227254300. (Erratum: doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657e). Gaia EDR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  4. "All Exoplanets". Exoplanet Kyoto.
  5. Brown dwarfs in the Pleiades cluster confirmed by the lithium test
  6. Mid-IR Observations of the Pleiades Brown Dwarfs Teide 1 & Calar 3 (Leech 2000)
  7. Rebolo, Rafael (2014), "Teide 1 and the Discovery of Brown Dwarfs", in Joergens, Viki (ed.), 50 Years of Brown Dwarfs - From Prediction to Discovery to Forefront of Research, Astrophysics and Space Science Library, vol. 401, Springer, pp. 25–50, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-01162-2_4, ISBN 978-3-319-01162-2



На других языках

[de] Teide 1

Teide 1 ist ein um 1995 entdecktes astronomisches Objekt der Gattung Brauner Zwerg in einer Distanz von etwa 400 Lichtjahren zur Erde. Teide 1 umfasst etwa 20 bis 50 Jupitermassen und ist damit vergleichbar mit Gliese 229 B sowie dem etwas größeren PPl 15. Teide 1 und PPl 15 sind Einzelobjekte, während Gliese 229 B mit seinem Partner Gliese 229 A, einem Roten Zwerg, das Doppelsternsystem Gliese 229 bildet.
- [en] Teide 1

[es] Teide 1

Teide 1 fue la primera estrella enana marrón en ser verificada en 1995. Se encuentra localizada en el cúmulo estelar abierto de las Pléyades, ubicado a aproximadamente 400 años luz de la Tierra (120 pársecs).

[ru] Тейде 1

Тейде 1 (англ. Teide 1) — первый обнаруженный коричневый карлик. Находится в созвездии Тельца на расстоянии 400 св. лет (120 парсек) от Солнца и имеет видимую величину +17.76.


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