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NGC 1052 is an elliptical galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on January 10, 1785 by the astronomer William Herschel.[3] It is a member of the eponymous NGC 1052 Group.[1]

NGC 1052
NGC 1052 (center left) and NGC 1042 (center right) as imaged by Schulman Telescope
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Right ascension02h 41m 04.79851s[1]
Declination−08° 15′ 20.7517″[1]
Redshift0.004930[1]
Helio radial velocity1474 ± 26 km/s[1]
Distance62.0 Mly (19.00 Mpc)[2]
Group or clusterNGC 1052 Group[1]
Apparent magnitude (V)10.47[2]
Apparent magnitude (B)11.41[2]
Characteristics
TypeE4[2]
Apparent size (V)3.0′ × 2.1′[2]
Other designations
MCG -01-07-034, PGC 10175[1]

Features


NGC 1052 is located at a distance of around 63 million light years from the Milky Way,[4] and has a LINER-type active galactic nucleus which signals the intense starburst activity in the galaxy's center[5] that were confirmed with observations with better resolution showing a number of star-forming regions and young star clusters.[6]

NGC 1052 shows also two small jets emerging from its nucleus as well as a very extended disc of neutral hydrogen, far larger than the galaxy itself.[7] Additionally, the stars and the ionized gas rotate along different axes.[8] All these features suggesting a gas-rich galaxy collided and merged with it 1 billion years ago producing all the above features.[6]

The shape of NGC 1052 is thought to be a triaxial ellipsoid. The longest axis of the ellipsoid is probably aligned at a position angle of −41°, which is the axis around which the ionized gas would be rotating.[8]

A scale image of NGC 1052 and its satellite galaxies is available at the reference.[9]


Central black hole


NGC 1052 hosts a rapidly rotating supermassive black hole with a mass of 154 million M☉[10] with a large magnetic field of between 0.02 and 8.3 Tesla, which, according to PhD student Anne-Kathrin Baczko, the leader of the team that made this discovery, provides enough magnetic energy to power the previously mentioned twin relativistic jets.[11]

The location of this black hole is the most precisely known in the universe, with the exception of Sagittarius A*, the supermassive black hole found at the heart of our own galaxy.[11]


See also



References


  1. "NGC 1052". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2021-02-19.
  2. Gil de Paz, Armando; et al. (December 2007). "The GALEX Ultraviolet Atlas of Nearby Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 173 (2): 185–255. arXiv:astro-ph/0606440. Bibcode:2007ApJS..173..185G. doi:10.1086/516636.
  3. Seligman, Courtney. "New General Catalogue objects: NGC 1050 - 1099". cseligman.com. Retrieved 2021-02-19.
  4. J. L. Tonry; A. Dressler; J.P. Blakeslee; E.A. Ajhar; A.B. Fletcher; G. A. Luppino; M. R. Metzger; C.B. Moore (2001). "The SBF Survey of Galaxy Distances. IV. SBF Magnitudes, Colors, and Distances". Astrophysical Journal. 546 (2): 681–693. arXiv:astro-ph/0011223. Bibcode:2001ApJ...546..681T. doi:10.1086/318301. S2CID 17628238.
  5. Pierce, Michael; Brodie, Jean P.; Forbes, Duncan A.; Beasley, Michael A.; Proctor, Robert; Strader, Jay (2005). "The evolutionary history of the elliptical galaxy NGC 1052". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 358 (1): 419–431. arXiv:astro-ph/0501066. Bibcode:2005MNRAS.358..419P. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.08778.x. S2CID 16977888.
  6. Fernández-Ontiveros, J.A.; López-Sanjuan, C.; Montes, M.; Prieto, M. A.; Acosta-Pulido, J.A. (2011). "The most recent burst of star formation in the massive elliptical galaxy NGC 1052". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters. 411 (1): L21–L25. arXiv:1011.2498. Bibcode:2011MNRAS.411L..21F. doi:10.1111/j.1745-3933.2010.00985.x. S2CID 119232954.
  7. "Notes for NGC 1052". NED. Cal Tech.
  8. Davies, R. L.; Illingworth, G. D. (1986). "The dynamics of the active galaxy NGC 1052". The Astrophysical Journal. 302: 234. Bibcode:1986ApJ...302..234D. doi:10.1086/163985.
  9. Dokkum, Pieter. "image of NGC 1052". twitter.
  10. Brenneman, L. W.; Weaver, K. A.; Kadler, M.; Tueller, J.; Marscher, A.; Ros, E.; Zensus, A.; Kovalev, Y.Y.; Aller, M.; Aller, H.; Irwin, J.; Kerp, J.; Kaufmann, S. (2009). "Spectral analysis of the accretion flow in NGC 1052 with Suzaku". The Astrophysical Journal. 698 (1): 528–540. arXiv:0903.3583. Bibcode:2009ApJ...698..528B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/698/1/528. S2CID 464273.
  11. "Twin jets pinpoint the heart of an active galaxy". phys.org. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
  12. Van Dokkum, Pieter; Danieli, Shany; Abraham, Roberto; Conroy, Charlie; Romanowsky, Aaron J. (2019). "A Second Galaxy Missing Dark Matter in the NGC 1052 Group". The Astrophysical Journal. 874 (1): L5. arXiv:1901.05973. Bibcode:2019ApJ...874L...5V. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab0d92. S2CID 102486855.




На других языках

[de] NGC 1052

NGC 1052 ist eine Elliptische Galaxie mit aktivem Galaxienkern vom Hubble-Typ E4 im Sternbild Walfisch südlich der Ekliptik. Sie ist schätzungsweise 67 Millionen Lichtjahre von der Milchstraße entfernt und hat einen Durchmesser von etwa 55.000 Lichtjahren. Gemeinsam mit NGC 1035 und NGC 1042 bildet sie das Galaxientripel KTS 18.
- [en] NGC 1052

[ru] NGC 1052

NGC 1052 (другие обозначения — MCG -1-7-34, IRAS02386-0828, PGC 10175) — эллиптическая галактика (E4) в созвездии Кит.


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