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langs: 4 декабря [ru] / december 4 [en] / 4. dezember [de] / 4 décembre [fr] / 4 dicembre [it] / 4 de diciembre [es]

days: december 1 / december 2 / december 3 / december 4 / december 5 / december 6 / december 7


Asteroid / Asteroid


#1 451 Patientia

Patientia ( minor planet designation : 451 Patientia ) is approximately the 15th-largest asteroid in the asteroid belt with a diameter of 225   km. It was discovered by French astronomer Auguste Charlois on 4 December 1899, and assigned a provisional designation 1899 EY . Main-belt asteroid 451 Pati

#2 3642 Frieden

3642 Frieden , provisional designation 1953 XL 1 , is a carbonaceous asteroid from the middle region of the asteroid belt , approximately 35 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by German astronomer Herta Gessner at Sonneberg Observatory on 4 December 1953. [10] It is named after the goddess of

#3 2013 SY99

2013 SY 99 , also known by its OSSOS survey designation uo3L91 , is a trans-Neptunian object discovered on September 29, 2013 by the Outer Solar System Origins Survey using the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope at Mauna Kea Observatory . This object orbits the Sun between 50 and 1,300   AU (7.5 and 190

#4 (480808) 1994 XL1

(480808) 1994 XL 1 is a sub-kilometer asteroid , classified as near-Earth object and potentially hazardous asteroid of the Aten group , approximately 200 meters (700 feet) in diameter. It was discovered on 6 December 1994, by Scottish–Australian astronomer Robert McNaught at Siding Spring Observator

#5 (457175) 2008 GO98

(457175) 2008 GO 98 , provisional designation 2008 GO 98 with cometary number 362P , is a Hildian asteroid and rare main-belt comet from the outermost regions of the asteroid belt , approximately 15 kilometers (9 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 8 April 2008, by astronomers of the Spacewatch

#6 1338 Duponta

1338 Duponta , provisional designation 1934 XA , is a stony Florian asteroid and synchronous binary system from the inner regions of the asteroid belt , approximately 7.8 kilometers in diameter. 1338 Duponta Duponta seen at approx. 16 apmag in 2009 Discovery [1] Discovered   by L. Boyer Discovery  

#7 (127546) 2002 XU93

(127546) 2002 XU 93 , provisional designation 2002 XU 93 , is a trans-Neptunian object and centaur on highly inclined and eccentric orbit in the outer region of the Solar System . It measures approximately 170 kilometers (110   mi) in diameter and is one of few objects with such an unusual orbit. It

#8 2007 TU24

2007 TU 24 is an Apollo near-Earth asteroid that was discovered by the Catalina Sky Survey in Arizona on 11 October 2007. Imaging radar has estimated that it is 250 meters (820   ft) in diameter. [3] The asteroid passed 554,209   kilometer (344,370   mile or 1.4- lunar distance ) [5] from Earth on 2

#9 1339 Désagneauxa

1339 Désagneauxa , provisional designation 1934 XB , is a stony Eoan asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt , approximately 24 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 4 December 1934, by French astronomer Louis Boyer at the North African Algiers Observatory in Algeria. [13] A few n

#10 (433953) 1997 XR2

(433953) 1997 XR 2 is a sub-kilometer sized asteroid , classified as near-Earth object and potentially hazardous asteroid of the Apollo group . It was discovered on 4 December 1997, by the Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research (LINEAR) program at Lincoln Laboratory's Experimental Test Site near Socor

#11 2020 XR

2020 XR is an Apollo near-Earth object and potentially hazardous asteroid roughly 390 meters (1,000 feet) in diameter. With a 5-day observation arc it was briefly listed as having a 1 in 11,000 chance of impacting Earth on 1 December 2028 placing it at the top of the Sentry Risk Table with a Palermo


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Comet / Comet


#1 10P/Tempel

10P/Tempel , also known as Tempel 2 , is a periodic Jupiter-family comet with a 5 year orbital period. It was discovered on July 4, 1873 by Wilhelm Tempel . [7] The next perihelion passage is 24 March 2021 when the comet will have a solar elongation of 30 degrees at approximately apparent magnitude

#2 37P/Forbes

37P/Forbes is a periodic comet in the Solar System . It was discovered on August 1, 1929 by Alexander F. I. Forbes in South Africa. [4] Periodic comet with 6 year orbit 37P/Forbes Discovery Discovered by Alexander F. I. Forbes Discovery date August 1, 1929 Alternative designations 1929 II; 1942 III;

#3 C/2013 US10 (Catalina)

C/2013 US 10 (Catalina) is an Oort cloud comet discovered on 31 October 2013 by the Catalina Sky Survey at an apparent magnitude of 19 using a 0.68-meter (27   in) Schmidt–Cassegrain telescope . [1] As of September   2015 [update] the comet is around apparent magnitude 6. [5] C/2013 US 10 (Catalina)

#4 C/2013 R1 (Lovejoy)

C/2013 R1 (Lovejoy) is a long-period comet discovered on 7 September 2013 by Terry Lovejoy using a 0.2-meter (8   in) Schmidt–Cassegrain telescope . [1] It is the fourth comet discovered by Terry Lovejoy. C/2013 R1 crossed the celestial equator on 14 October 2013, becoming a better Northern Hemisphe

#5 P/2011 P1 (McNaught)

P/2011 P1 (McNaught) was a Jupiter-family comet that passed extremely close to Jupiter on 4 December 2010 and disintegrated by 2012. [3] It was discovered on 1 August 2011 by astronomer Robert H. McNaught at the Siding Spring Observatory in New South Wales , Australia . [4] [5] [6] [7] With an obser


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Galaxy / Galaxy


#1 NGC 1277

NGC 1277 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation of Perseus . It is a member of the Perseus Cluster of galaxies and is located approximately 73 Mpc ( megaparsecs ) [2] or 220 million light years from the Milky Way . It has an apparent magnitude of about 14.7. It was discovered on December 4, 187

#2 NGC 668

NGC 668 is a spiral galaxy located 200 million light-years away [2] in the constellation Andromeda . It was discovered by astronomer Édouard Stephan on December 4, 1880 [3] and is a member of Abell 262 . [4] [5] [6] [7] Spiral galaxy in constellation Andromeda NGC 668 Pan-STARRS image of NGC 668 Obs

#3 NGC 1510

NGC 1510 is a dwarf lenticular galaxy approximately 38 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Horologium . [1] It was discovered by John Herschel on December 4, 1836. [4] [5] Dwarf lenticular galaxy in the constellation Horologium NGC 1510 NGC 1510 sitting slightly southeast of

#4 NGC 1999

NGC 1999 is a dust-filled bright nebula with a vast hole of empty space represented by a black patch of sky, as can be seen in the photograph. It is a reflection nebula , and shines from the light of the variable star V380 Orionis . Reflection nebula in the constellation Orion NGC 1999 Reflection ne

#5 NGC 1274

NGC 1274 is a compact [2] elliptical galaxy located about 280 million light-years away [3] in the constellation Perseus . [4] NGC 1274 was discovered by astronomer Lawrence Parsons on December 4, 1875. [5] It is a member of the Perseus Cluster . [6] [5] Elliptical galaxy in the constellation Perseus


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Institution / Institution


#1 UH88

The University of Hawai'i 88-inch (2.24-meter) telescope —called UH88 , UH2.2 , or simply 88 by members of the local astronomical community—is situated at the Mauna Kea Observatories and operated by the University's Institute for Astronomy . It was constructed in 1968, and entered service in 1970, a

#2 List of solar eclipses visible from Russia

This list of solar eclipses visible from Russia enumerates the solar eclipses that have been seen and will be seen in Russia . Lists of solar eclipses Geometry of a total solar eclipse (not to scale) Solar eclipses in antiquity Solar eclipses in the Middle Ages Modern history 16th 17th 18th 19th 20t

#3 Purple Mountain Observatory

The Purple Mountain Observatory ( Chinese : 紫金山天文台 ; pinyin : Zǐjīnshān Tiānwéntái ), also known as Zijinshan Astronomical Observatory is an astronomical observatory located on the Purple Mountain in the east of Nanjing . [lower-alpha 1] Observatory Purple Mountain Observatory Purple Mountain Observ

#4 Natal Observatory

The Natal Observatory was an astronomical observatory in the Colony of Natal (now the KwaZulu-Natal province of the Republic of South Africa) from 1882 to 1911. The most important work carried out there was a study of the motion of the moon . Observatory Natal Observatory Location Durban , South Afr

#5 Kleť Observatory

Kleť Observatory ( Czech : Hvězdárna Kleť ; obs. code : 046 ) is an astronomical observatory in the Czech Republic . It is situated in South Bohemia , south of the summit of Mount Kleť , near the town of České Budějovice . Constructed in 1957, the observatory is at an altitude of 1,070 metres (3,510

#6 Ole Rømer Observatory

Ole Rømer Observatory ( Danish : Ole Rømer Observatoriet ) is an astronomical observatory and museum, built in 1911 and located in Aarhus , Denmark. It is operated by Aarhus University and functions both as a research and training laboratory for the university Institute for Physics and Astronomy and

#7 Silesian Planetarium

The Silesian Planetarium also Silesian Planetarium and Astronomical Observatory ( Polish : Planetarium Śląskie Polish : Śląskie Planetarium i Obserwatorium Astronomiczne ) is the largest and oldest planetarium in Poland . It was founded on 4 December 1955 to commemorate the great astronomer Nicolaus

#8 National Observatory of Athens

The National Observatory of Athens ( NOA ; Greek : Εθνικό Αστεροσκοπείο Αθηνών ) is a research institute in Athens , Greece . Founded in 1842, it is the oldest research foundation in Greece, as it was the first scientific research institute built after Greece became independent in 1829, and one of t


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Meteorite / Meteorite


#1 HD 106906 b

HD 106906 b is a directly imaged planetary-mass companion [2] and candidate exoplanet orbiting the star HD 106906 , in the constellation Crux at about 336   ±   13 light-years (103   ±   4   pc ) from Earth . [5] It is estimated to be about eleven times the mass of Jupiter and is located about 738  


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Researcher / Researcher


#1 Frederick Slocum

Frederick Slocum (February 6, 1873 – December 4, 1944) was an American astronomer . [1] He was the director of Van Vleck Observatory . American astronomer Frederick Slocum Slocum (at right) teaching a class in celestial navigation at Brown University , 1914. Born 6 February 1873 Fairhaven, Massachus

#2 Louis Boyer (astronomer)

Louis Boyer (1901–1999) was a French astronomer who worked at the Algiers Observatory , North Africa, where he discovered 40 asteroids between 1930 and 1952. [1] [2] French astronomer This article is about the astronomer. For other people of the same name, see Louis Boyer (disambiguation) . In the 1

#3 Snježana Kordić

Snježana Kordić ( pronounced   [sɲěʒana kôːrditɕ] ( listen ) ; born 29 October 1964) [1] is a Croatian linguist . [3] In addition to her work in syntax , she has written on sociolinguistics . [2] Kordić is known among non-specialists for numerous articles against the puristic and prescriptive langua

#4 Masahiro Koishikawa

Masahiro Koishikawa ( 小石川 正弘 , Koishikawa Masahiro , 1952 – 26 August 2020) was a Japanese astronomer . He studied both major and minor planets, and discovered multiple asteroids . [2] Japanese astronomer (1952–2020) Masahiro Koishikawa Born 1952   ( 1952 ) Died August 26, 2020 (2020-08-26) (aged  

#5 Thierry Pauwels

Thierry Pauwels (born 22 July 1957, Ghent ) is a Belgian astronomer from the Royal Observatory of Belgium . [2] [3] Between 1996 and 2008 he discovered and co-discovered 146 minor planets . This makes him one of the top 100 minor planet discoverers. [1] Belgian astronomer Minor planetss discovered:

#6 K. S. Krishnan

Sir Kariamanikkam Srinivasa Krishnan , FRS , [1] (4 December 1898   – 14 June 1961) was an Indian physicist . He was a co-discoverer of Raman scattering , [2] for which his mentor C. V. Raman was awarded the 1930 Nobel Prize in Physics . Indian physicist (1898–1961) Kariamanikkam Srinivasa Krishnan

#7 Paul G. Comba

Paul G. Comba (1926 – April 5, 2017) was an Italian-American computer scientist , an amateur astronomer and a prolific discoverer of minor planets . [2] Paul G. Comba Born 1926   ( 1926 ) Tunisia Died April 4, 2017 (2017-04-04) (aged   90–91) Education Ph.D. Alma   mater University of Turin , Blufft

#8 Marc Buie

Marc William Buie ( / ˈ b uː i / ; born 1958) is an American astronomer and prolific discoverer of minor planets who works at the Southwest Research Institute in Boulder, Colorado in the Space Science Department. [1] Formerly he worked at the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, and was the Sen

#9 Thushara Pillai

Thushara Pillai is an Indian astrophysicist and astronomer with a senior research scientist position at Boston University 's Institute for Astrophysical Research. [1] Her research interests have included molecular clouds , high-mass star formation , magnetic fields , astrochemistry , and the galacti

#10 Ulisse Munari

Ulisse Munari (born 1960) is an Italian astronomer and discoverer of minor planets . He is Professor of Astronomy at the University of Padua , and works at the Asiago Observatory . He is a member of the Radial Velocity Experiment (RAVE) team, an all-sky survey using the UK's 1.2m Schmidt telescope i

#11 Jeremiah Horrocks

Jeremiah Horrocks (1618   – 3 January 1641), sometimes given as Jeremiah Horrox (the Latinised version that he used on the Emmanuel College register and in his Latin manuscripts), [2] was an English astronomer . He was the first person to demonstrate that the Moon moved around the Earth in an ellipt

#12 Tom Stafford (astronomer)

Tom Stafford is an American astronomer who has discovered a number of asteroids since 1997, [1] including 12061 Alena , [2] 12533 Edmond , [3] 13436 Enid , [4] 13688 Oklahoma [5] and 15904 Halstead [6] at Zeno Observatory (observatory code 727) in Edmond, Oklahoma . He is the son of Joseph W. Staffo

#13 Claudio Casacci

Claudio Casacci (born 1958) is an Italian space scientist and amateur astronomer , [2] who is credited by the Minor Planet Center with the discovery of several main-belt asteroids between 1995 and 1998. [1] He works at Thales Alenia Space in Turin , Italy. [3] Minor planets discovered: 8   [1] see §

#14 Milan Antal

Milan Antal (1935–1999) was a Slovak astronomer . [2] [3] [4] [5] Minor planets discovered: 17   [1] 1807 Slovakia 20 August 1971 list 3393 Štúr 28 November 1984 list 3730 Hurban 4 December 1983 list 4573 Piešťany 5 October 1986 list (5025) 1986 TS 6 5 October 1986 list (6545) 1986 TR 6 5 October 19

#15 Hugh Percy Wilkins

Hugh Percy Wilkins (4 December 1896 –23 January 1960) was a Welsh -born engineer and amateur astronomer . British mechanical engineer, soldier, civil servant and astronomer He was born Hugh Percival Wilkins in Carmarthen , where he received his early education, then lived near Llanelli prior to movi

#16 Antonín Mrkos

Antonín Mrkos ( Czech pronunciation: [ˈantoɲiːn ˈmr̩kos] ) (27 January 1918, Střemchoví – 29 May 1996, Prague ) was a Czech astronomer . Czech astronomer Antonín Mrkos Minor planets discovered: 274   [1] see §   List of discovered minor planets

#17 Takeshi Urata

Takeshi Urata ( 浦田 武 , Urata Takeshi , 1947 – December 15, 2012) [2] was a Japanese astronomer . He was a prolific discoverer of asteroids , observing at Nihondaira Observatory . Japanese astronomer Minor planets discovered: 642   [1] see §   List of discovered minor planets In 1978 he became the fi

#18 Jana Tichá

Jana Tichá (born 1965 in České Budějovice ) is a Czech astronomer and discoverer of minor planets . She studied at the University of Economics in Prague and graduated in 1987. In 1992 she was selected for the position of a director of the Kleť Observatory . Czech astronomer Jana Tichá with her ex-hu

#19 Omar Khayyam

Ghiyāth al-Dīn Abū al-Fatḥ ʿUmar ibn Ibrāhīm Nīsābūrī [3] [4] (18 May 1048 – 4 December 1131), commonly known as Omar Khayyam ( Persian : عمر خیّام ), [lower-alpha 1] was a Persian polymath , known for his contributions to mathematics , astronomy , philosophy , and Persian poetry . He was born in Ni

#20 Roger Cayrel

Roger Victor Émile Cayrel (4 December 1925 – 11 January 2021) was a French astronomer . His main interests were stellar atmospheres , galactic chemical evolution and metal-poor stars. [1] French astronomer (1925–2021)


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Science / Science


#1 Hubble Ultra-Deep Field

The Hubble Ultra-Deep Field ( HUDF ) is a deep-field image of a small region of space in the constellation Fornax , containing an estimated 10,000 galaxies . The original data for the image was collected by the Hubble Space Telescope from September 2003 to January 2004. It includes light from galaxi


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Star / Star


#1 HR Lyrae

HR Lyrae or Nova Lyrae 1919 was a nova which occurred in the constellation Lyra in 1919. Its discovery was announced by Johanna C. Mackie on 6 December 1919. She discovered it while examining photographic plates taken at the Harvard College Observatory . The bulletin announcing the discovery (H.C.O.


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