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Messier 28 or M28, also known as NGC 6626, is a globular cluster of stars in the center-west of Sagittarius. It was discovered by French astronomer Charles Messier in 1764.[11][lower-alpha 1] He briefly described it as a "nebula containing no star... round, seen with difficulty in 312-foot telescope; Diam 2′."[12]

Messier 28
Globular cluster Messier 28 in Sagittarius
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
ClassIV[1]
ConstellationSagittarius
Right ascension18h 24m 32.89s[2]
Declination–24° 52 11.4[2]
Distance18.26 ± 0.98 kly (5.6 ± 0.3 kpc)[3]
Apparent magnitude (V)6.8[4]
Apparent dimensions (V)11′.2[5]
Physical characteristics
Mass5.51×105[6] M
Radius30 ly[7]
VHB15.55 ± 0.10[8]
Metallicity = –1.32[6] dex
Estimated age12.0 Gyr[9]
Notable featuresContains first pulsar discovered in a globular[10]
Other designationsGCl 94, M 28, NGC 6626[2]
See also: Globular cluster, List of globular clusters

In the sky it is less than a degree to the northwest of the 3rd magnitude star Kaus Borealis (Lambda Sgr). This cluster is faintly visible as a hazy patch with a pair of binoculars[11] and can be readily found in a small telescope with an 8 cm (3.1 in) aperture, showing as a nebulous feature spanning 11.2 arcminutes. Using an aperture of 15 cm (5.9 in), the core becomes visible and a few distinct stars can be resolved, along the periphery. Larger telescopes will provide greater resolution,[5] one of 25 cm (9.8 in) revealing a dense 2′ core, with more density within.[11]

It is about 18,300 light-years away from Earth.[3] It is about 551000 M[6] and its metallicity (averaging 1.32 which means more than 10 times less than our own star), coherency and preponderence of older stellar evolution objects, support its dating to very roughly 12 billion years old.[9] 18 RR Lyrae type variable stars have been found within.

It bore the first discovery of a millisecond pulsar in a globular cluster PSR B1821–24. This was using the Lovell Telescope at Jodrell Bank Observatory, England.[10] A total of 11 further of these have since been detected in it with the telescope at Green Bank Observatory, West Virginia. As of 2011, these number the third-most in a cluster tied to the Milky Way, following Terzan 5 and 47 Tucanae.[13]




See also



References and footnotes



References


  1. Shapley, Harlow; Sawyer, Helen B. (August 1927), "A Classification of Globular Clusters", Harvard College Observatory Bulletin, 849 (849): 11–14, Bibcode:1927BHarO.849...11S.
  2. "M 28". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2006-11-16.
  3. Oliveira, R. A. P.; Ortolani, S.; Barbuy, B.; Kerber, L. O.; Maia, F. F. S.; Bica, E.; Cassisi, S.; Souza, S. O.; Pérez-Villegas, A. (2022). "Precise distances from OGLE-IV member RR Lyrae stars in six bulge globular clusters". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 657: A123. arXiv:2110.13943. Bibcode:2022A&A...657A.123O. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141596. S2CID 239998638.
  4. "Messier 28". SEDS Messier Catalog. Retrieved 28 April 2022.
  5. Inglis, Mike (2004), Astronomy of the Milky Way: Observer's guide to the northern sky, Patrick Moore's Practical Astronomy Series, vol. 1, Springer, p. 21, Bibcode:2003amwn.book.....I, ISBN 978-1852337094.
  6. Boyles, J.; et al. (November 2011), "Young Radio Pulsars in Galactic Globular Clusters", The Astrophysical Journal, 742 (1): 51, arXiv:1108.4402, Bibcode:2011ApJ...742...51B, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/742/1/51.
  7. From trigonometry: radius = distance × sin( diameter_angle / 2 ) = 30 ly
  8. Testa, Vincenzo; et al. (February 2001), "Horizontal-Branch Morphology and Dense Environments: Hubble Space Telescope Observations of Globular Clusters NGC 2298, 5897, 6535, and 6626", The Astronomical Journal, 121 (2): 916–934, Bibcode:2001AJ....121..916T, doi:10.1086/318752
  9. Koleva, M.; et al. (April 2008), "Spectroscopic ages and metallicities of stellar populations: validation of full spectrum fitting", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 385 (4): 1998–2010, arXiv:0801.0871, Bibcode:2008MNRAS.385.1998K, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.12908.x
  10. "JBO - Stars". Jodrell Bank Observatory. Retrieved 2007-06-01.
  11. Thompson, Robert Bruce; Thompson, Barbara Fritchman (2007), Illustrated Guide to Astronomical Wonders, Diy Science, O'Reilly Media, Inc., p. 402, ISBN 978-0596526856.
  12. Burnham, Robert (1979), Burnham's celestial handbook: an observer's guide to the universe beyond the solar system, Dover books explaining science, vol. 3 (2nd ed.), Dover Publications, p. 1609, ISBN 978-0486236735
  13. Bogdanov, Slavko; et al. (April 2011), "Chandra X-ray Observations of 12 Millisecond Pulsars in the Globular Cluster M28", The Astrophysical Journal, 730 (2): 81, arXiv:1101.4944, Bibcode:2011ApJ...730...81B, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/730/2/81
  14. "Nebulous, but no nebula". www.spacetelescope.org. Retrieved 11 March 2019.

Footnotes


  1. On July 27



На других языках


[de] Messier 28

Messier 28 (auch als NGC 6626 bezeichnet) ist ein +7,66 mag heller Kugelsternhaufen mit einer Flächenausdehnung von 11,2' im Sternbild Schütze. Er ist rund 18.000 Lichtjahre vom Sonnensystem entfernt und hat einen Durchmesser von etwa 60 Lichtjahren.
- [en] Messier 28

[ru] M 28 (звёздное скопление)

M 28 (также известно как Мессье 28 и NGC 6626) — шаровое звёздное скопление в созвездии Стрельца.



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