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C/2022 E3 (ZTF) is a long period comet that was discovered by the Zwicky Transient Facility on 2 March 2022.[1] The comet will reach its perihelion on January 12, 2023, at a distance of 1.11 AU (166 million km) and the closest approach to Earth will be on February 1, 2023, at a distance of 0.28 AU (42 million km). The comet is expected to get brighter than magnitude 6 and thus become visible with naked eye.[4]

C/2022 E3 (ZTF)
Discovery
Discovered byZwicky Transient Facility
Discovery date2 March 2022[1]
Orbital characteristics A
Observation arc298 days
Aphelion≈2800 AU (barycentric epoch 1950)[2]
Perihelion1.112 AU
Eccentricity1.00025
Orbital period≈50000 yr (inbound)[2]
Inclination109.17°
Node302.55°
Argument of
periapsis		145.82°
Earth MOID0.221 AU (33.1 million km)[3]
Jupiter MOID1.743 AU (260.7 million km)
Comet total
magnitude (M1)		9.6
Next perihelion12 January 2023

Observational history


C/2022 E3 (ZTF) was discovered by the Zwicky Transient Facility on 2 March 2022. Upon discovery the comet had an apparent magnitude of 17.3 and was about 4.3 AU (640 million km) from the Sun. The object was initially identified as an asteroid but subsequent observations revealed it had a very condensed coma, indicating it is a comet.[1][5]

By early November 2022, the comet had brightened to magnitude 10 and was appearing to move slowly in Corona Borealis and Serpens as it moved parallelly to Earth.[6] The comet exhibited a green coma and a yellowish dust tail and a faint ion tail. The comet was visible in early evening and will start being visible in the morning sky by the end of November. After that the comet starts moving northwards, passing Bootes, Draco, and Ursa Minor, reaching about 10 degrees from Polaris.[7]

The comet will reach its perihelion on January 12, 2023, at a distance of 1.11 AU (166 million km) and the closest approach to Earth will be on February 1, 2023, at a distance of 0.28 AU (42 million km). The comet is expected to get brighter than magnitude 6 and thus become visible with naked eye.[4] During its closest approach to Earth it will appear near the north celestial pole[8] and be located within the Camelopardalis constellation.[9] On February 10-11 the comet will pass 1.5 degrees from Mars and on February 13 to 15 will pass in front of Hyades star cluster.[7]


References


  1. "MPEC 2022-F13 : COMET C/2022 E3 (ZTF)". Minor Planet Center. 2022-03-21. Retrieved 2022-08-24.
  2. Horizons output. "Barycentric Osculating Orbital Elements for Comet C/2022 E3 (ZTF)". Retrieved 2022-08-24. (Solution using the Solar System's barycenter (Sun+Jupiter). Select Ephemeris Type:Elements and Center:@0) Epoch 1950 has PR= 2.91E+07 / 365.25 = 79700 years
  3. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: C/2022 E3". JPL. Retrieved 2022-08-24.
  4. Machholz, Donald (25 March 2022). "EarthSky | New comet might brighten enough for binoculars". earthsky.org. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
  5. "Electronic Telegram No. 5111- COMET C/2022 E3 (ZTF)". Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. 21 March 2022. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
  6. Ratcliffe, Martin; Ling, Alister (1 November 2022). "Sky This Month: November 2022". Astronomy.com. Retrieved 4 November 2022.
  7. "Sneak Peek at Two Promising Comets". Sky & Telescope. 17 November 2022. Retrieved 18 November 2022.
  8. "Comets to View in 2022". Sky & Telescope. 30 March 2022. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
  9. Urbain, Tom (10 November 2022). "Starlust.org | Meet Comet C/2022 E3 (ZTF), the next naked-eye comet in the night sky". starlust.org. Retrieved 10 November 2022.




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