Proxima Centauri d (also called Proxima d) is a candidate exoplanet orbiting the red dwarf star Proxima Centauri, the closest star to the Sun and part of the Alpha Centauri triple star system. Together with two other planets in the Proxima Centauri system, it is the closest known exoplanet to the Solar System, located approximately 4.2 light-years (1.3 parsecs; 40 trillion kilometres; 25 trillion miles) away in the constellation of Centaurus. The first signs of the exoplanet emerged as a weak 5.15-day signal in radial velocity data taken from the Very Large Telescope during a 2020 study on Proxima b's mass. This signal was formally proposed to be a candidate exoplanet by Faria et al. in a follow-up paper published in February 2022.[2][1]

Proxima Centauri d

Artistic depiction of Proxima Centauri d, with Proxima Centauri and Alpha Centauri A & B visible in the background
Discovery[1]
Discovery site	VLT-ESPRESSO
Discovery date	2020
Detection method	Radial velocity
Orbital characteristics[1]
Semi-major axis	0.02885+0.00019 −0.00022 AU
Eccentricity	0.04+0.15 −0.04
Orbital period (sidereal)	5.122+0.002 −0.0036 d
Semi-amplitude	0.39±0.07 m/s
Star	Proxima Centauri
Physical characteristics[1]
Mean radius	≙0.81±0.08 R🜨
Mass	≥0.26±0.05 M🜨
Temperature	360 K (87 °C; 188 °F)

Proxima d is a sub-Earth at least one-quarter of the mass of Earth (or twice the mass of Mars), orbiting at roughly 0.029 AU (4.3 million km; 2.7 million mi) every 5.1 days.[2] It is the least massive and innermost known planet of the Proxima Centauri system. It is the least massive exoplanet detected with the radial velocity method as of 2022^[update]. Proxima d orbits too close to its star to be habitable, and receives about 190% of Earth's irradiation—assuming an Earth-like reflectivity, its equilibrium temperature may reach 360 K (87 °C; 188 °F).[1]

See also

• List of nearest exoplanets

References

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На других языках

[ru] Проксима Центавра d