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NGC 4151 is an intermediate spiral Seyfert galaxy with weak inner ring structure located 15.8 megaparsecs (52 million light-years) from Earth[4] in the constellation Canes Venatici. The galaxy was first mentioned by William Herschel on March 17, 1787; it was one of the six Seyfert galaxies described in the paper [5] which defined the term. It is one of the nearest galaxies to Earth to contain an actively growing supermassive black hole.[6] The black hole would have a mass on the order of 2.5 million to 30 million solar masses.[7] It was speculated that the nucleus may host a binary black hole, with about 40 million and about 10 million solar masses respectively, orbiting with a 15.8-year period.[8] This is, however, still a matter of active debate.

NGC 4151
Image of NGC 4151 from the 0.8m Schulman Telescope at the Mount Lemmon SkyCenter
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
ConstellationCanes Venatici
Right ascension12h 10m 32.6s[1]
Declination+39° 24′ 21″[1]
Redshift0.003262[2]
995 ± 3 km/s[1]
Distance15.8 ± 0.4 Mpc (51.5×10^6 ± 1.3×10^6 ly)[3]
Apparent magnitude (V)11.5[1]
Characteristics
Type(R')SAB(rs)ab,[1] Sy1[2]
Apparent size (V)6′.4 × 5′.5[1]
Other designations
UGC 7166,[1] PGC 38739[1]

Some astronomers nickname it the "Eye of Sauron" from its appearance.[9]


X-ray source


NGC 4151. X-rays (blue), optical data (yellow), radio observation (red)
NGC 4151. X-rays (blue), optical data (yellow), radio observation (red)
NGC 4151, by HST (WFC3).
NGC 4151, by HST (WFC3).
Astronomers using data from the European Space Agency's XMM-Newton satellite have found a long-sought X-ray signal from NGC 4151. When the black hole's X-ray source flares, its accretion disk reflects the emission about half an hour later.

X-ray emission from NGC 4151 was apparently first detected on December 24, 1970, with the X-ray observatory satellite Uhuru,[10] although the observation spanned an error-box of 0.56 square degrees and there is some controversy as to whether UHURU might not have detected the BL Lac object 1E 1207.9 +3945, which is inside their error box - the later HEAO 1 detected an X-ray source of NGC 4151 at 1H 1210+393,[11] coincident with the optical position of the nucleus and outside the error box of Uhuru.[10]

To explain the X-ray emission two different possibilities have been proposed:[12]


See also



References


  1. "Results for NGC 4151". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. Retrieved 2007-03-27.
  2. "NGC 4151". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2014-06-06.
  3. Yuan, W.; Fausnaugh, M. M.; Hoffmann, S. L.; Macri, L. M.; Peterson, B. M.; Riess, A. G.; Bentz, M. C.; Brown, J. S.; Bontà, E. Dalla; Davies, R. I.; Rosa, G. De; Ferrarese, L.; Grier, C. J.; Hicks, E. K. S.; Onken, C. A.; Pogge, R. W.; Storchi-Bergmann, T.; Vestergaard, M. (2020). "The Cepheid Distance to the Seyfert 1 Galaxy NGC 4151". The Astrophysical Journal. 902 (1): 26. arXiv:2007.07888. Bibcode:2020ApJ...902...26Y. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abb377. S2CID 220546047.
  4. W. M. Keck Observatory (2014-11-26). "'Eye of Sauron' Provides New Way of Measuring Distances to Galaxies". W. M. Keck Observatory. Archived from the original on 2014-12-05. Retrieved 2014-11-27.
  5. C. K. Seyfert (1943). "Nuclear Emission in Spiral Nebulae". Astrophysical Journal. 97: 28–40. Bibcode:1943ApJ....97...28S. doi:10.1086/144488.
  6. "NGC 4151: An active black hole in the "Eye of Sauron"". Astronomy magazine. 2011-03-11. Retrieved 2011-03-14.
  7. Roberts, Caroline A.; Bentz, Misty C.; Vasiliev, Eugene; Valluri, Monica; Onken, Christopher A. (2021). "The Black Hole Mass of NGC 4151 from Stellar Dynamical Modeling". The Astrophysical Journal. 916: 25. arXiv:2106.02758. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac05b6. S2CID 235358825.
  8. Bon; Jovanović; Marziani; Shapovalova; et al. (2012). "The First Spectroscopically Resolved Sub-parsec Orbit of a Supermassive Binary Black Hole". The Astrophysical Journal. 759 (2): 118–125. arXiv:1209.4524. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759..118B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/759/2/118. S2CID 119257514.
  9. Chandra X-ray Observatory (10 March 2011). "NGC 4151: An Active Black Hole in the "Eye of Sauron"". Chandra X-ray Center.
  10. Gursky H; Kellogg EM; Leong C; Tananbaum H; et al. (Apr 1971). "Detection of X-Rays from the Seyfert Galaxies NGC 1275 and NGC 4151 by the UHURU Satellite". Astrophys J. 165 (4): L43–8. Bibcode:1971ApJ...165L..43G. doi:10.1086/180713.
  11. Wood KS; Meekins JF; Yentis DJ; Smathers HW; et al. (December 1984). "The HEAO A-1 X-ray source catalog". Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 56 (12): 507–649. Bibcode:1984ApJS...56..507W. doi:10.1086/190992.
  12. Chandra X-Ray Observatory (2011-03-10). "The 'Eye of Sauron'". NASA. Retrieved 2011-03-14.


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На других языках

[de] NGC 4151

NGC 4151, auch "Saurons Auge" genannt, ist eine Balken-Spiralgalaxie mit aktivem Galaxienkern vom Hubble-Typ SBab im Sternbild Jagdhunde am Nordsternhimmel. Sie ist schätzungsweise 46 Millionen Lichtjahre von der Milchstraße entfernt und hat einen Durchmesser von etwa 85.000 Lichtjahren. Gemeinsam mit NGC 4156 und PGC 38756 bildet sie das Galaxientrio Holm 345.
- [en] NGC 4151

[ru] NGC 4151

NGC 4151 (также известная как Око Саурона, Eye of Sauron[4]) — спиральная галактика с перемычкой (тип SBa) в созвездии Гончих Псов. Сейфертовская галактика, относится к шести «классическим» сейфертовским галактикам, описанным в пионерской работе Карла Сейферта[5]. Одна из самых ярких и близких к нам активных галактик.


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