astro.wikisort.org - ResearcherAbu Jafar Muhammad ibn Husayn Khazin (Persian: ابوجعفر خازن خراسانی; 900–971), also called Al-Khazin, was an Iranian[1] Muslim astronomer and mathematician from Khorasan. He worked on both astronomy and number theory.
Persian astronomer and mathematician
For the twelfth century physicist and astronomer, see
Al-Khazini.
Al-Khazin was one of the scientists brought to the court in Ray, Iran by the ruler of the Buyid dynasty, Adhad ad-Dowleh, who ruled from 949 to 983 AD. In 959/960 Khazin was required by the Vizier of Ray, who was appointed by ad-Dowleh, to measure the obliquity of the ecliptic.
One of Al-Khazin's works Zij al-Safa'ih ("Tables of the disks of the astrolabe") was described by his successors[2] as the best work in the field and they make many references to it. The work describes some astronomical instruments, in particular an astrolabe fitted with plates inscribed with tables and a commentary on the use of these. A copy of this instrument was made, but it vanished in Germany at the time of World War II. A photograph of this copy was taken and examined by D.A. King in 1980.[3]
Al-Khazin also wrote a commentary on Ptolemy's Almagest in which he gives nineteen propositions relating to statements by Ptolemy. He proposed a different solar model from Ptolemy's.
References
- Selin, Helaine (2008). Encyclopaedia of the history of science, technology, and medicine in non-western cultures. Berlin New York: Springer. p. 275. ISBN 978-1-4020-4960-6.
A newly discovered manuscript (not yet available for research) contains a treatise by the tenth century Iranian astronomer Abū Ja˓far al-Khāzin describing an equatorium called Zīj al-Safāīh. (the Zīj of Plates).
- al-Qifti, Ta’rikh al-hukamā, edited by August Müller and Julius Lippet, Leipzig (1903) p. 396; Dold-Samplonius, Yvonne (2008) [1970–1980]. "Al-Khāzin, Abū Ja'far Muḥammad Ibn Al-Ḥasan Al-Khurāsānī". Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography
- King, D.A. (1980). "New light on the Zij al-Safa'ih of Abu Ja'far al-Khazin". Centaurus. 23 (2): 105–117. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0498.1979.tb00226.x.
Sources
- O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Abu Jafar Muhammad ibn al-Hasan Al-Khwarizmi", MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, University of St Andrews
- Rashed, Roshdi (1996). Les Mathématiques Infinitésimales du IXe au XIe Siècle 1: Fondateurs et commentateurs: Banū Mūsā, Ibn Qurra, Ibn Sīnān, al-Khāzin, al-Qūhī, Ibn al-Samḥ, Ibn Hūd. London: Islamic Heritage Foundation. pp. 737–778, 779–833 (Texte et Traduction: Abū Ja‘far al-Khāzin, Transcrit du commentaire du premier livre de l’Almageste Min al-sharḥ li-al-maqāla al-ülā min al-Majisṭī). ISBN 1 873992 18 1. Reviews: Seyyed Hossein Nasr (1998) in Isis 89 (1) pp. 112-113; Charles Burnett (1998) in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London 61 (2) p. 406.
External links
Astronomy in the medieval Islamic world |
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Works |
- Arabic star names
- Islamic calendar
- Aja'ib al-Makhluqat
- Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity
- Tabula Rogeriana
- The Book of Healing
- The Remaining Signs of Past Centuries
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Instruments |
- Alidade
- Analog computer
- Aperture
- Armillary sphere
- Astrolabe
- Astronomical clock
- Celestial globe
- Compass
- Compass rose
- Dioptra
- Equatorial ring
- Equatorium
- Globe
- Graph paper
- Magnifying glass
- Mural instrument
- Navigational astrolabe
- Nebula
- Octant
- Planisphere
- Quadrant
- Sextant
- Shadow square
- Sundial
- Schema for horizontal sundials
- Triquetrum
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Concepts |
- Almucantar
- Apogee
- Astrology
- Astrophysics
- Axial tilt
- Azimuth
- Celestial mechanics
- Celestial spheres
- Circular orbit
- Deferent and epicycle
- Earth's rotation
- Eccentricity
- Ecliptic
- Elliptic orbit
- Equant
- Galaxy
- Geocentrism
- Gravitational energy
- Gravity
- Heliocentrism
- Inertia
- Islamic cosmology
- Moonlight
- Multiverse
- Muwaqqit
- Obliquity
- Parallax
- Precession
- Qibla
- Salah times
- Specific gravity
- Spherical Earth
- Sublunary sphere
- Sunlight
- Supernova
- Temporal finitism
- Trepidation
- Triangulation
- Tusi couple
- Universe
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Institutions |
- Al-Azhar University
- House of Knowledge
- House of Wisdom
- University of al-Qarawiyyin
- Observatories
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- Babylonian astronomy
- Egyptian astronomy
- Hellenistic astronomy
- Indian astronomy
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- Byzantine science
- Chinese astronomy
- Medieval European science
- Indian astronomy
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Mathematics in the medieval Islamic world |
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Mathematical works |
- The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing
- De Gradibus
- Principles of Hindu Reckoning
- Book of Optics
- The Book of Healing
- Almanac
- Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity
- Toledan Tables
- Tabula Rogeriana
- Zij
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Concepts |
- Alhazen's problem
- Islamic geometric patterns
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- Babylonian mathematics
- Greek mathematics
- Indian mathematics
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- Byzantine mathematics
- European mathematics
- Indian mathematics
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Related |
- Hindu–Arabic numeral system
- Arabic numerals (Eastern Arabic numerals, Western Arabic numerals)
- Trigonometric functions
- History of trigonometry
- History of algebra
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People of Khorasan |
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Philosophers | |
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Islamic scholars |
- Abu Dawud al-Sijistani
- Abu Barakat Nasafi
- Abu Hanifa
- Abu Hafs Nasafi
- Abu Layth Samarqandi
- Abu Mu'in Nasafi
- Abu Qasim Samarqandi
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На других языках
[de] Abu Dscha'far al-Chazin
Abu Dscha'far al-Chazin (persisch ابوجعفر خازن خراسانی Abudschafar Chazin Chorasani) war ein persischer Astronom und Mathematiker des 10. Jahrhunderts.
- [en] Abu Ja'far al-Khazin
[fr] Abū Ja'far al-Khāzin
Abu Jafar Muhammad ibn Hasan Khazini (né en 900 – mort en 971) est un astronome et mathématicien perse. Il a été l'un des scientifiques amené à la cour de Ray (Téhéran) par le dirigeant bouyide Azad o-dowleh. En 959-960, le vizir de Ray lui demande de mesurer l'inclinaison de l'écliptique.
[it] Abu Ja'far al-Khazin
Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥusayn al-Khāzin (in arabo: أبو جعفر محمد بن الحسين الخازن; Khorasan, 900 – 971) è stato un astronomo e matematico persiano.
Originario del Khorasan, operò nel settore dell'astronomia e della teoria dei numeri.
[ru] Абу Джафар аль-Хазин
Абу́ Джафа́р Муха́ммад ибн аль-Ха́сан аль-Ха́зин аль-Хураса́ни (перс. ابوجعفر خازن خراسانی; умер ок. 971) — персидский астроном и математик, уроженец Хорасана, работал в Рее.
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