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Abū’l-‘Abbās al-Faḍl ibn Ḥātim al-Nairīzī (Arabic: أبو العباس الفضل بن حاتم النيريزي, Latin: Anaritius, Nazirius, c. 865–922) was a Persian[1] mathematician and astronomer from Nayriz, Fars Province, Iran.

He flourished under al-Mu'tadid, Caliph from 892 to 902, and compiled astronomical tables, writing a book for al-Mu'tadid on atmospheric phenomena.

Nayrizi wrote commentaries on Ptolemy and Euclid. The latter were translated by Gerard of Cremona. Nairizi used the so-called umbra (versa), the equivalent to the tangent, as a genuine trigonometric line (but he was anticipated in this by al-Marwazi).

He wrote a treatise on the spherical astrolabe, which is very elaborate and seems to be the best Persian work on the subject. It is divided into four books:

1. Historical and critical introduction.
2. Description of the spherical astrolabe; its superiority over plane astrolabes and all other astronomical instruments.
3. Applications.
4. Applications.

He gave a proof of the Pythagorean theorem using the Pythagorean tiling.[2]

Ibn al-Nadim mentions Nayrizi as a distinguished astronomer with eight works by him listed in his book al-Fihrist.

Notes

References

• H. Suter: Die Mathematiker und Astronomen der Araber (45, 1900)
• Nachtrage (164, 1902).
• O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Abu'l Abbas al-Fadl ibn Hatim Al-Nayrizi", MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, University of St Andrews

Primary sources

• The (fragmentary) text of Nairizi's commentary on Euclid I. PDF scans from the edition of Codex Leidensis 399 (Classical Arabic)

External links

• Sabra, A. I. (2008) [1970-80]. "Al-Nayrīzī, Abu'l-'Abbās Al-Faḍl Ibn Ḥātim". Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Encyclopedia.com.
• DeYoung, Gregg (2007). "Nayrīzī: Abū al‐ʿAbbās al‐Faḍl ibn Ḥātim al‐Nayrīzī". In Thomas Hockey; et al. (eds.). The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers. New York: Springer. p. 823. ISBN 978-0-387-31022-0. (PDF version)

На других языках

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[de] An-Nairizi

an-Nairizi, vollständig أبو العباس الفضل بن حاتم النيريزي / Abū l-ʿAbbās al-Faḍl b. Ḥātim an-Nayrīzī, auch al-Nayrizi, latinisiert Anaritius, Nazirius, (* um 865[1] möglicherweise in Nayriz im Iran; † um 922 möglicherweise in Bagdad) war ein persischer Mathematiker, Astronom und Kommentator der ersten 10 Bücher von Euklids Elementen.

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- [en] Al-Nayrizi

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[es] Al-Nayrizi

Abū'l-'Abbās al-Faḍl ibn Ḥātim al-Nairīzī ( en árabe, أبو العباس الفضل بن حاتم النيريزي‎ , en latín, Anaritius, Nazirius , C. 865–922) fue un matemático y astrónomo persa [1] de Nayriz, provincia de Fars, Irán .

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[it] Al-Nayrizi

Abū l-ʿAbbās al-Faḍl ibn Ḥātim al-Nayrīzī, detto al-Nayrīzī (in arabo: ﺍﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻞ ﺑﻦ ﺣﺎﺗﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﻴﺮﻳﺰﻱ‎; Nayrīz, 865 – 922), è stato un astronomo e matematico persiano.

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[ru] Ан-Найризи

Абу-л-Аббас ал-Фадл ибн Хатим ан-Найризи (араб. أبو العباس الفضل بن حاتم النيريزي‎, ум. ок. 922) — видный персидский математик и астроном, уроженец города Найриза в Ширазе. Работал в «Доме мудрости» в Багдаде. В Западной Европе был известен под латинизированным именем Анариций (Anaritius).

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