astro.wikisort.org - ResearcherAl-Ḥajjāj ibn Yūsuf ibn Maṭar (786–833 CE) was a mathematician and translator.
Medieval Arab mathematician
For other persons named al-Hajjaj, see Hajjaj.
Biography
Almost nothing is known about his life, except that he was active in Baghdad, then the capital of the ʿAbbāsid Empire.
He was the first author who translated Euclid's Elements from Greek into Arabic. His first translation was made for Yaḥyā ibn Khālid, the Vizier of Caliph Hārūn al‐Rashīd. He made a second, improved, more concise translation for the Caliph al-Maʾmūn (813–833). Around 829, he translated Ptolemy's Almagest, which at that time had also been translated by Hunayn Ibn Ishaq and Sahl al-Ṭabarī.
At the beginning of the 12th century CE, Adelard of Bath translated al-Ḥajjāj's version of Euclid's Elements into Latin.
References
- Busard, B.L.L. (1983). The First Translation of Euclid's "Elements" Commonly Ascribes to Adelard of Bath, Books I–VIII and Books X.36–XV.2. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Medieval Studies.
- Gandz, Solomon (1936). "The Sources of al-Khowārizmī's Algebra". Osiris. 1: 263–277. doi:10.1086/368426. ISSN 0369-7827. JSTOR 301610.
- Sarton, George. Introduction to the History of Science.
External links
- Brentjes, Sonja (2007). "Ḥajjāj ibn Yūsuf ibn Maṭar". In Thomas Hockey; et al. (eds.). The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers. New York: Springer. pp. 460–1. ISBN 978-0-387-31022-0. (PDF version)
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Works |
- Arabic star names
- Islamic calendar
- Aja'ib al-Makhluqat
- Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity
- Tabula Rogeriana
- The Book of Healing
- The Remaining Signs of Past Centuries
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Instruments |
- Alidade
- Analog computer
- Aperture
- Armillary sphere
- Astrolabe
- Astronomical clock
- Celestial globe
- Compass
- Compass rose
- Dioptra
- Equatorial ring
- Equatorium
- Globe
- Graph paper
- Magnifying glass
- Mural instrument
- Navigational astrolabe
- Nebula
- Octant
- Planisphere
- Quadrant
- Sextant
- Shadow square
- Sundial
- Schema for horizontal sundials
- Triquetrum
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Concepts |
- Almucantar
- Apogee
- Astrology
- Astrophysics
- Axial tilt
- Azimuth
- Celestial mechanics
- Celestial spheres
- Circular orbit
- Deferent and epicycle
- Earth's rotation
- Eccentricity
- Ecliptic
- Elliptic orbit
- Equant
- Galaxy
- Geocentrism
- Gravitational energy
- Gravity
- Heliocentrism
- Inertia
- Islamic cosmology
- Moonlight
- Multiverse
- Muwaqqit
- Obliquity
- Parallax
- Precession
- Qibla
- Salah times
- Specific gravity
- Spherical Earth
- Sublunary sphere
- Sunlight
- Supernova
- Temporal finitism
- Trepidation
- Triangulation
- Tusi couple
- Universe
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Institutions |
- Al-Azhar University
- House of Knowledge
- House of Wisdom
- University of al-Qarawiyyin
- Observatories
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Influences |
- Babylonian astronomy
- Egyptian astronomy
- Hellenistic astronomy
- Indian astronomy
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- Byzantine science
- Chinese astronomy
- Medieval European science
- Indian astronomy
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Mathematics in the medieval Islamic world |
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Mathematical works |
- The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing
- De Gradibus
- Principles of Hindu Reckoning
- Book of Optics
- The Book of Healing
- Almanac
- Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity
- Toledan Tables
- Tabula Rogeriana
- Zij
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Concepts |
- Alhazen's problem
- Islamic geometric patterns
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Centers | |
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- Babylonian mathematics
- Greek mathematics
- Indian mathematics
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Influenced |
- Byzantine mathematics
- European mathematics
- Indian mathematics
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Related |
- Hindu–Arabic numeral system
- Arabic numerals (Eastern Arabic numerals, Western Arabic numerals)
- Trigonometric functions
- History of trigonometry
- History of algebra
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На других языках
- [en] Al-Ḥajjāj ibn Yūsuf ibn Maṭar
[fr] Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf ibn Matar
Al-Ḥajjāj ibn Yūsuf ibn Maṭar (arabe : الحجاج بن يوسف بن مطر) est un mathématicien arabe ayant travaillé à Bagdad au VIIIe – IXe siècle.
[it] Al-Hajjāj ibn Yūsuf ibn Maṭar
Al-Hajjāj ibn Yūsuf ibn Maṭar (in arabo: الحجاج بن يوسف بن مطر; 786 – 833) è stato un matematico e astronomo arabo.
[ru] Аль-Хаджжадж ибн Юсуф ибн Матар
аль-Хаджжа́дж ибн Ю́суф ибн Мата́р (араб. الحجاج بن يوسف بن مطر;
786—833) — арабский математик, астроном и переводчик. автор перевода «Начал» Евклида и «Альмагеста» Птоломея[1].
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