astro.wikisort.org - ResearcherNajm al‐Dīn al‐Miṣrī (Arabic: نجم الدين المصري) was a 14th-century Egyptian astronomer mostly known for writing a large astronomical table that had nearly 415,000 entries. The table is considered to be the largest of its kind ever produced by one person during the Middle Ages. Although the main purpose of the work was astronomical timekeeping, it can also be used to solve all problems of spherical trigonometry by changing the arguments of the table.[1]
Najm al‐Din also wrote an important illustrated treatise that describes more than 100 different astronomical instruments, such as astrolabes, quadrants and sundials, including ones he invented himself. This work is of high importance for modern scholars and one of the main sources on the subject.[2]
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14th century Egyptian astronomer
References
- Charette, François (2007). "Najm al‐Dīn al‐Miṣrī". The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers. New York: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-30400-7_996.
- King, David A. (2008). "Astronomical Instruments in the Islamic World". Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 273–276. ISBN 978-1-4020-4559-2.
- Charette, François (2003). Mathematical instrumentation in fourteenth-century Egypt and Syria : the illustrated Treatise of Najm al-Dīn al-Miṣrī. Leiden and Boston: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789047402176. ISBN 9004130152.
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Topics |
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Works |
- Arabic star names
- Islamic calendar
- Aja'ib al-Makhluqat
- Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity
- Tabula Rogeriana
- The Book of Healing
- The Remaining Signs of Past Centuries
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Instruments |
- Alidade
- Analog computer
- Aperture
- Armillary sphere
- Astrolabe
- Astronomical clock
- Celestial globe
- Compass
- Compass rose
- Dioptra
- Equatorial ring
- Equatorium
- Globe
- Graph paper
- Magnifying glass
- Mural instrument
- Navigational astrolabe
- Nebula
- Octant
- Planisphere
- Quadrant
- Sextant
- Shadow square
- Sundial
- Schema for horizontal sundials
- Triquetrum
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Concepts |
- Almucantar
- Apogee
- Astrology
- Astrophysics
- Axial tilt
- Azimuth
- Celestial mechanics
- Celestial spheres
- Circular orbit
- Deferent and epicycle
- Earth's rotation
- Eccentricity
- Ecliptic
- Elliptic orbit
- Equant
- Galaxy
- Geocentrism
- Gravitational energy
- Gravity
- Heliocentrism
- Inertia
- Islamic cosmology
- Moonlight
- Multiverse
- Muwaqqit
- Obliquity
- Parallax
- Precession
- Qibla
- Salah times
- Specific gravity
- Spherical Earth
- Sublunary sphere
- Sunlight
- Supernova
- Temporal finitism
- Trepidation
- Triangulation
- Tusi couple
- Universe
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Institutions |
- Al-Azhar University
- House of Knowledge
- House of Wisdom
- University of al-Qarawiyyin
- Observatories
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Influences |
- Babylonian astronomy
- Egyptian astronomy
- Hellenistic astronomy
- Indian astronomy
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Influenced |
- Byzantine science
- Chinese astronomy
- Medieval European science
- Indian astronomy
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