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Abū al‐Ṣalt Umayya ibn ʿAbd al‐ʿAzīz ibn Abī al‐Ṣalt al‐Dānī al‐Andalusī (Arabic: أبو الصلت) (c.1068October 23, 1134), known in Latin as Albuzale, was an Andalusian-Arab[1][2] polymath who wrote about pharmacology, geometry, Aristotelian physics, and astronomy.[3] His works on astronomical instruments were read both in the Islamic world and Europe. He also occasionally traveled to Palermo and worked in the court of Roger I of Sicily as a visiting physician.[4] He became well known in Europe through translations of his works made in the Iberian Peninsula and in southern France.[4] He is also credited with introducing Andalusian music to Tunis, which later led to the development of the Tunisian ma'luf.[4]

Abū al‐Ṣalt
Bornc.1068
Dénia, al-Andalus
DiedOctober 23, 1134
Béjaïa, Algeria
Academic background
Academic work
EraIslamic Golden Age
Main interestsQuadrivium, Astronomy, Music
InfluencedSamuel of Marseilles, Profiat Duran

Life


Abu al-Salt was born in Dénia, al-Andalus. After the death of his father while he was a child, he became a student of al‐Waqqashi (10171095) of Toledo (a colleague of Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm al-Zarqālī). Upon completing his mathematical education in Seville, and because of the continuing conflicts during the reconquista, he set out with his family to Alexandria and then Cairo in 1096.

In Cairo, he entered the service of the Fatimid ruler Abū Tamīm Ma'add al-Mustanṣir bi-llāh and the Vizier Al-Afdal Shahanshah. His service continued until 1108, when, according to Ibn Abī Uṣaybiʿa, his attempt to retrieve a very large Felucca laden with copper, that had capsized in the Nile, ended in failure. Abu al-Salt had built a mechanical tool to retrieve the Felucca, and was close to success when the machine's silk ropes fractured. The Vizier Al-Afdal ordered Abu al-Salt's arrest, and he was imprisoned for more than three years, only to be released in 1112.

Abu al-Salt then left Egypt for Mahdia in Tunisia, the capital of the Zirids in Ifriqiya where he entered the service of king Yaḥyā ibn Tamīm al‐Ṣanhājī and where his son, ʿAbd al‐ʿAzīz was born.[5] He also occasionally traveled to Palermo and worked in the court of Roger I of Sicily as a visiting physician.[4] He also sent poems to the Palermitan poet Abū l-Ḍawʾ. He died, probably of dropsy, in Béjaïa, Algeria. He is buried in the Ribat of Monastir, Tunisia.[5]


Works


Abu al-Salt wrote[6] an encyclopedic work of many treatises on the scientific disciplines known as quadrivium. This work was probably known in Arabic as Kitāb al‐kāfī fī al‐ʿulūm. His poetry is preserved in the anthology of Imad al-Din al-Isfahani.[7] His interests also included alchemy as well as the study of medicinal plants. He was keen to discover an elixir able to transmute copper into gold and tin into silver.


Astronomy



Music



Medicine (pharmacobotany)



Description of Egypt



Logic



See also



Notes



References


  1. The Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 1967.
  2. Marcorini, Edgardo (1988). Prehistory. Facts On File, Incorporated. ISBN 9780871964755.
  3. Selin, Helaine (2008). Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 9.
  4. Comes 2007.
  5. "Abū al‐Ṣalt: Umayya ibn ʿAbd al‐ʿAzīz ibn Abī al‐Ṣalt al‐Dānī al‐Andalusī | ISMI". ismi.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de. Retrieved 2022-06-23.
  6. Fontaine, Jean. Histoire de la littérature tunisienne, Tome 1 (in French) (1988, 1999 ed.). Tunis: Cérès Editions. pp. 216–219. ISBN 9973-19-403-9.
  7. Umayya Abu L-Salt poetry, reported by Imad al-Din al-Isfahani (1974). edited by Muhammad al Marzouqi (in Arabic). Tunis: Librairie Orientale. pp. 172 p.
  8. Avenari, Hanoch, Vol 3 (1974). "The Hebrew version of Abul LSalt's treatise on Music, 80 p pdf document, English intro and Hebrew manuscript". Jewish Music Research Center.
  9. Umayya Abu L-Salt (1979). Ibrahim Ben Mrad (ed.). "Kitab al-adwiya al-mufrada". al-Hayat al-Thaqafiyya. 3: 153–167.
  10. Umayya, Abu L-Salt (1951). al-Risala al-misriyya (manuscript edited by) (in Arabic) (Cairo ed.). Abdessalam HAROUN. pp. 50 pages.
  11. AbuSalt de Denia (1915). Rectificacion de la Mente - tratato de logica (PDF). Translated by C. Angel GONZALEZ PALENCIA. Madid.

На других языках


- [en] Abu al-Salt

[es] Abu Salt de Denia

Abu l-Salt ibn Umayya al-Dani (Denia, c. 1067 - Mahdiyya (Túnez), 23 de octubre de 1134), conocido comúnmente como Abu Salt de Denia, fue un eminente polígrafo y enciclopedista andalusí.

[it] Abu al-Salt

Abū al‐Ṣalt Umayya ibn ʿAbd al‐ʿAzīz ibn Abī al‐Ṣalt al‐Dānī al‐Andalusī (Dénia, 1068 – Béjaïa, 1134) è stato un uomo universale arabo-andaluso le cui opere astronomiche vennero studiate nei secoli successivi sia in Europa che nel mondo islamico. Fu anche un medico e insegnante di alchimia. Scrisse trattati di medicina, filosofia, musica e storia. Divenne noto in Europa attraverso le traduzioni delle sue opere realizzate nella penisola Iberica e nel sud della Francia.[1] Gli è anche attribuita l'introduzione musica arabo-andalusa a Tunisi, che poi portò allo sviluppo del genere musicale tunisino detto maʾlūf.[1].

[ru] Абу-с-Салт

Абу-с-Салт Умайя ибн Абд ал-Азиз ибн Аби-с-Салт ал-Дани ал-Андалуси (ок. 1068, Дения, Испания — 23 октября 1134, Беджая, Алжир) — арабский математик, астроном, историк, врач, поэт и музыкант. Учился в Дение и Севилье. Позже отправился в Александрию (1096—1112), а затем в Магдию, где выполнял роль придворного панегириста и летописца. Несколько раз путешествовал в Палермо. Умер от водянки.



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