astro.wikisort.org - ResearcherAbu Hamid Ahmed ibn Mohammed al-Saghani al-Asturlabi (meaning the astrolabe maker of Saghan, near Merv) was a Persian astronomer and historian of science. He flourished in Baghdad, where he died in 379-380 A.H/ 990 A.D.
Persian astronomer and historian of science
History of science
Al-Asturlabi wrote some of the earliest comments on the history of science. These included the following comparison between the "ancients" (including the ancient Babylonians, Egyptians, Greeks and Indians) and the "modern scholars" (the Muslim scientists of his time):
"The ancients distinguished themselves through their chance discovery of basic principles and the invention of ideas. The modern scholars, on the other hand, distinguish themselves through the invention of a multitude of scientific details, the simplification of difficult (problems), the combination of scattered (information), and the explanation of (material which already exists in) coherent (form). The ancients came to their particular achievements by virtue of their priority in time, and not on account of any natural qualification and intelligence. Yet, how many things escaped them which then became the original inventions of modern scholars, and how much did the former leave for the latter to do."[1]
See also
- List of Iranian scientists
References
- Franz Rosenthal (1950). "Al-Asturlabi and as-Samaw'al on Scientific Progress", Osiris 9, p. 555-564 [559].
- Suter: Die Mathematiker und Astronomen der Araber (p. 65, 1900).
External links
Astronomy in the medieval Islamic world |
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Astronomers |
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Topics |
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Works |
- Arabic star names
- Islamic calendar
- Aja'ib al-Makhluqat
- Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity
- Tabula Rogeriana
- The Book of Healing
- The Remaining Signs of Past Centuries
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Instruments |
- Alidade
- Analog computer
- Aperture
- Armillary sphere
- Astrolabe
- Astronomical clock
- Celestial globe
- Compass
- Compass rose
- Dioptra
- Equatorial ring
- Equatorium
- Globe
- Graph paper
- Magnifying glass
- Mural instrument
- Navigational astrolabe
- Nebula
- Octant
- Planisphere
- Quadrant
- Sextant
- Shadow square
- Sundial
- Schema for horizontal sundials
- Triquetrum
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Concepts |
- Almucantar
- Apogee
- Astrology
- Astrophysics
- Axial tilt
- Azimuth
- Celestial mechanics
- Celestial spheres
- Circular orbit
- Deferent and epicycle
- Earth's rotation
- Eccentricity
- Ecliptic
- Elliptic orbit
- Equant
- Galaxy
- Geocentrism
- Gravitational energy
- Gravity
- Heliocentrism
- Inertia
- Islamic cosmology
- Moonlight
- Multiverse
- Muwaqqit
- Obliquity
- Parallax
- Precession
- Qibla
- Salah times
- Specific gravity
- Spherical Earth
- Sublunary sphere
- Sunlight
- Supernova
- Temporal finitism
- Trepidation
- Triangulation
- Tusi couple
- Universe
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Institutions |
- Al-Azhar University
- House of Knowledge
- House of Wisdom
- University of al-Qarawiyyin
- Observatories
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Influences |
- Babylonian astronomy
- Egyptian astronomy
- Hellenistic astronomy
- Indian astronomy
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Influenced |
- Byzantine science
- Chinese astronomy
- Medieval European science
- Indian astronomy
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Mathematics in the medieval Islamic world |
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Mathematicians | 9th century | |
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10th century | |
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11th century | |
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12th century | |
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13th century | |
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14th century | |
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16th century | |
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Mathematical works |
- The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing
- De Gradibus
- Principles of Hindu Reckoning
- Book of Optics
- The Book of Healing
- Almanac
- Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity
- Toledan Tables
- Tabula Rogeriana
- Zij
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Concepts |
- Alhazen's problem
- Islamic geometric patterns
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Centers | |
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Influences |
- Babylonian mathematics
- Greek mathematics
- Indian mathematics
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Influenced |
- Byzantine mathematics
- European mathematics
- Indian mathematics
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Related |
- Hindu–Arabic numeral system
- Arabic numerals (Eastern Arabic numerals, Western Arabic numerals)
- Trigonometric functions
- History of trigonometry
- History of algebra
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Authority control  |
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National libraries | |
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Scientific databases | |
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На других языках
- [en] Al-Saghani
[ru] Ахмад ас-Сагани
Абу Хамид Ахмад ибн Мухаммад ас-Сагани аль-Аструлаби (араб. أبو حامد أحمد بن محمد الصاغاني; ум. 990) — крупный математик и астроном, уроженец Саганиана вблизи Мерва, работал в Багдаде.
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